Residual Energy and Density Control Aware Cluster Head Election in Wireless Sensor Network

In designing the Wireless Sensor Network, the energy consumption represents one of the most and important factor that recent researches aim to reduce efficiently. Because of the limited energy that sensor nodes are equipped with, and in order to prolong the network lifetime, we introduce a new clustering algorithm for WSN, which consists on choosing a subset of sensor nodes to be elected as Cluster Heads. This choice is based on three parameters; the residual energy, the density and the distances separating the node with its neighbors. Each node enters into a competition and makes its proper decision. Then, the network is divided into clusters and each member is affected to the nearest CH that has the job to gather the data of the members of its cluster. The efficiency of our proposed algorithm is proved comparing with some other clustering approaches. Simulation results show that the energy dissipation of the sensor nodes can be considerably reduced, and the network lifetime efficiently extended.