Physicochemical, Mineral Content, Nutritional Composition and Phytochemical Properties of Careya Arborea

Roots, leaves, and bark of Careya arborea were evaluated for their physicochemical, mineral, nutritional, and phytochemical properties whereas the leaves had the highest acid insoluble ash value (1.4 mg/g), water-soluble ash value (2.31 mg/g), and moisture content value (10.42 mg/g) respectively. Mineral content was determined using ICP-AES and AAS methods. In the macro mineral composition, K (14.72 mg/100g), Ca (12.41 mg/100g) and Na (11.93 mg/100g) were found in the highest amounts. The objective of this study was to explore Careya arborea roots, leaves, and bark as a nutritional, safe, and effective herbal medicine. Careya arborea roots, leaves, and bark were characterized in terms of their Physico-chemical, mineral content, nutritional composition analysis, and phytochemical properties. Stepwise physicochemical examinations, mineral content, nutritional composition, and quantitative phytochemical analysis were performed. Mineral content was determined using ICP-AES and AAS methods. Quantitative phytochemical properties were estimated on the basis of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, respectively, using standard protocols. Mineral content was determined using ICP-AES and AAS methods. In the macro mineral composition, K (14.72 mg/100g), Ca (12.41 mg/100g) and Na (11.93 mg/100g) were found in the highest amounts. In contrast, Fe (22.82 mg/100g), Zn (8.68 mg/100g) and Cu (7.39 mg/100g) were found in the root section of C. arborea in trace mineral composition, The root had the highest water-soluble extractive value (20.7 mg/g), alcohol-soluble value (10.3 mg/g), foreign organic matter (3.4 mg/g), swelling index (4.8 mg/g), the bark had the highest total ash (12 mg/g), sulphated ash (9.49 mg/g), and leaves had the highest acid-insoluble value(1.4 mg/g), water-soluble value (2.31 mg/g), and moisture content (10.42 mg/g). Roots had higher macro-minerals and heavy metals than bark and leaves. The root contained the most carbohydrates (43.76 mg/100g), protein (14.81 mg/100g), and retinol (2.13 mg/100g), while the leaf had the most ascorbic acid (37.13 mg/100g), lutein (18.28 mg/100g), β-carotene (19.18 mg/100g), fat (7.83 mg/100g), and fibre (27.38 mg/100g). The leaves had the highest folate (61.23 μg/100g), and the root had the most calories (347.32 kcal). Qualitative phytochemical analysis of C. arborea found alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, carbohydrates, protein, and phenol. In quantitative phytochemical analysis, the bark had higher alkaloid (6.32 mg/100g), tannin (7.53 mg/100g), flavonoid (7.83 mg/100g), and saponin (16.41 mg/100g) contents than C. arborea's root. Hence, Careya arborea's physicochemical, mineral, nutritional, and phytochemical qualities present a potent herbal preparation and a safe, unique herbal remedy. None