Analysis of imaging properties of active lenses with spherical surfaces of independently variable curvature

This work presents an algebraic analysis and computer simulations of imaging properties of a refractive tunable-focus fluidic lens with two continuously variable radii of curvature. Such lenses make possible to change aberration properties. It is shown that such a tunable-focus lens makes possible to correct simultaneously its spherical aberration and coma, which is not possible with the conventional fix-focus lens. Formulas are derived for the calculation of paraxial parameters and Seidel aberration coefficients of the lens. Imaging properties are demonstrated on several examples.