Study on the Influencing Factors of Energy Consumption of Nearly Zero Energy Public Buildings in Cold and Arid Regions of Northwest China

In order to reduce the energy consumption of public buildings, the research of nearly zero energy public buildings has become a hot issue, but the environment in which they are located is complex, and there are many factors influencing their energy consumption. This leads to the inability to reduce building energy consumption through effective means during the construction stage of nearly zero energy public buildings, resulting in unnecessary energy waste. Therefore, it is far-reaching significance to study the influence of various factors on the energy consumption of public buildings. In this paper, 9 influencing factors are selected to study the influence of each factor on the energy consumption of public buildings by designing an orthogonal test table and establishing a typical building model in DeST. The conclusions are as follows: in the process of realizing nearly zero energy of public buildings in cold and arid regions of northwest China, the roof heat transfer coefficient and exterior wall heat transfer coefficient should reduce as much as possible within the scope prescribed by the Technical Standard for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings. In severe cold and cold region, high ventilation times and building orientation of 15° west of due north should be set. As for ground heat transfer coefficient, exterior window heat transfer coefficient, east west window wall ratio, for the two types of regions, they should be set in the middle of the level factor. Further, for severe cold region, north window wall ratio, south window wall ratio and building orientation should be set to 0.2, 0.4, and due north respectively.