在外部呼吸器官受伤的情况下对活着的人进行法医检查

V. Olkhovsky, M. Gubin, E. Grygorian
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引用次数: 0

摘要

Backrgound。受害者外部呼吸器官的创伤往往是执法部门将其转介法医检查的一个原因。本研究的目的是根据闭合性器官外呼吸外伤受害人的形态特征、临床特征和重力特征确定其身体损伤程度的结果,分析形成法医专家结论的特殊性,寻找统一专家评估的方法。研究对象和方法。对哈尔科夫地区专家机构关于闭合性钝性外呼吸器官外伤的183例法医检查结论进行了分析。根据身体损伤机制,171,1例(93,4%)发生钝性固体物体撞击颈部和胸部,11例(6%)发生手或其他钝性固体物体压迫颈部,1例(0,5 %)发生手和环挤压颈部。在给定的创伤,现代专家的方法来评估身体伤害的定义。17例(9.3%)外伤患者出现严重身体损伤,并出现危及生命的事件,如急性呼吸衰竭、外伤性休克、机械性窒息。在151例(82.5%)病例中,专家确定中度身体损伤,主要是肋骨和喉部软骨骨折,缺席时危及生命。专家在15例(8.2%)病例中确定了轻微的身体损伤,其中大多数是喉部损伤,并伴有创伤后炎症。目前尚缺乏统一的科学方法来客观评价外呼吸系统器官的损伤。在对这类伤害进行法医评估时,对身体伤害的严重程度既有低估的,也有高估的。根据所进行的调查结果,确定了进一步统一这些身体伤害的法医评估的形态学和临床方法的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Forensic medical examinattion of living persons in cases of injury of the organs of external respiration
Backrgound. Trauma of external respiratory organs in victims is often a reason for the referral to forensic medical examination by law enforcement. Purpose of this work was to analyze the peculiarities of formation forensic medical expert conclusion, based on the results of determining the gravity of bodily injuries in victims with closed trauma of the organs external respiration, depending on their morphological and clinical characteristics and gravity, to find the ways to unify expert assessment. Subjects and Methods. 183 conclusions of forensic medical examination in the Kharkiv regional expert institution, on the cases of a closed blunt trauma of the organs of external respiration, were analyzed. Results. According to the mechanism of bodily injuries, in 171,1 (93,4 %) cases there was an impact of blunt solid objects on the neck and chest, in 11 (6 %) cases there was a compression of the neck by hands or other blunt solid objects, in 1 (0,5 %) case – a compression of the neck by hands and a loop. At the given trauma, modern experts’ approaches to an assessment of bodily injuries were defined. Grievous bodily injuries were defined in 17 (9,3 %) cases of trauma, with the emergence of life-threatening events such as acute respiratory failure, traumatic shock, mechanical asphyxia. Moderate bodily injuries were determined by experts in the 151 (82,5 %) cases, mostly injuries from fractures of ribs and cartilage of the larynx, at absence danger to life. Light bodily injuries were determined by experts in 15 (8,2 %) cases of mostly laryngeal injuries, complicated by its post-traumatic inflammation. The absence of unified scientific and methodological approach for the objective assessment of injuries of the external respiratory system organs has been defined. Conclusions. When conducting a forensic medical assessment of such injuries, there are cases of both underestimation and overestimation of the gravity of bodily injuries. According to the results of the performed investigation, further ways to unify morphological and clinical approaches at forensic-medical assessment of these bodily injuries were defined.
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