CAP改革与欧盟与美国的关系:关贸总协定对CAP的限制

H. Guyomard, L. Mahe, T. Roe, S. Tarditi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

共同农业政策的改革导致以新的收入支助工具取代以前主要在经济作物部门的以价格为基础的工具。我们的第一点是,尽管效率低下和不平衡,国内政治平衡无法在政策设计上产生如此大的变化。美国的压力是改革设计的一个主要因素。我们认为,贸易利益对于促进国际集体行动以抵消国内压力集团至关重要。因此,在关贸总协定中寻求达成协议是对共同农业政策设定上限,并促进其他国家对糖和乳制品等部门进行一些改革和控制的一种手段。我们预计两国之间紧张关系的根源不会消失,因为欧共体动物产品变得更具竞争力,而共同农业政策在世界价格附近的运作将使贸易流动对世界宏观经济和农业冲击敏感。乌拉圭回合不应被认为是完全令人满意的,应该追求使付款与生产奖励进一步脱钩的长期目标。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The CAP Reform and E.C.-U.S. Relations: The GATT as a Cap on the CAP
Reform of the Common Agricultural Policy has entailed the substitution of new income support instruments for the former price based instruments, mainly in the cash crop sector. Our first point is that the domestic political balance was unable to generate such a large change in policy design, in spite of inefficiencies and inbalances. The pressure of the US has been a major factor in the design of the reform. We argue that trade interests have been crucial to catalyze international collective action in order to countervail domestic pressure groups. The pursuit of an agreement in the GATT is therefore a means to place a cap on the CAP and foster some reform and control over sectors such as sugar and dairy in other countries. We do not foresee the disappearance of sources of tensions between the two countries, as EC animal products become more competitive and as the working of the CAP in the vicinity of world prices will make trade flows sensitive to world macro-economic and agricultural shocks. The Uruguay Round, should not be considered as fully satisfactory, and the long-run objective of further decoupling of payments from production incentives should be pursued.
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