利维坦,肉和世界的毁灭

Laura McMahon
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摘要

卡斯坦-泰勒和帕拉维尔的《利维坦》记录了一艘商业渔船的日常活动,并被多台GoPro相机捕捉到。它的动态、不稳定的视听世界与本书中其他电影的长镜头和静态镜头形成了鲜明的对比。本章认为,利维坦缺乏持续的关注导致了动物世界的关闭,而不是开放。虽然很多注意力都集中在这部电影的感官和沉浸式美学上,但评论往往忽略了工业化屠杀的问题。考虑到评论界和电影人自己对这部电影非人类中心主义的庆祝框架,这一删节令人震惊。借助舒金,本章追溯了《利维坦》中垂死动物的“肉欲交易”是如何同时被电影及其评论界所否认和利用的,作为一种理论美学资本的形式,它将电影的沉浸式、本能的视觉构建为一种回归前话语的“真实”。在书中其他地方对动物生命的持续关注中,利维坦的短暂,不分一律的视觉将鱼减少为无差别的物质,关闭了奇点的可能性,电影的死亡,融合逻辑拒绝了让-卢克·南希所说的世界的“间隔”。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Leviathan, Meat and the Annihilation of Worlds
Castaing-Taylor and Paravel’s Leviathan documents the daily activities of a commercial fishing boat, captured on multiple GoPro cameras. Its radically mobile, unstable audiovisual world represents a striking contrast to the long takes and static shots that shape the other films in this book. This chapter argues that Leviathan’s lack of durational attentiveness leads to a closing down – rather than an opening up – of animal worlds. While much attention has been devoted to the film’s sensory, immersive aesthetics, commentary has tended to elide questions of industrialized slaughter. This elision is striking given the celebratory framing of the film as nonanthropocentric by critical commentary and by the filmmakers themselves. Drawing on Shukin, the chapter traces how the ‘carnal traffic’ of Leviathan’s dying animals is simultaneously disavowed and exploited – by the film and its critical reception – as a form of theoretico-aesthetic capital that frames the film’s immersive, visceral vision as a return to a prediscursive ‘real’. In place of the durational attentiveness to animal lives traced elsewhere in the book, Leviathan’s flitting, indiscriminate vision reduces the fish to undifferentiated matter, closing down the possibility of singularity, the film’s deathly, fusional logic refusing what Jean-Luc Nancy calls the ‘spacing’ of the world.
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