创伤后护理与危机干预在急救服务中对工作相关心理紧张的应用分析

D. R. Ralbovská, P. Otrísal
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文的中心议题是在捷克共和国的综合救援系统的基本组成部分提供危机干预,创伤后护理,创伤后干预护理,心理社会干预服务的复杂问题。我们利用理论知识和实践经验,综合救援系统的成员和官员在日常实践中涉及许多高度创伤的紧急情况和危机情况。处理突发事件和危机情况的负面影响对他们的心理状态有主要或次要的影响。几乎在日常活动中,他们都会遇到情绪紧张的情况,如交通事故导致参与者重伤或死亡、大批人致残、遭遇死亡(以各种形式);自然死亡(犯罪行为造成的死亡等)、向幸存者通报死亡、处理与表现出侵略和攻击性(言语和身体)行为的人在心理和身体上的冲突、对武装罪犯的干预、与表现出自杀意图的人进行危机沟通(个人或电话)、与受影响的人或其家庭成员进行危机沟通;实施与有特殊需要的人(例如等)的沟通,实施多元文化沟通等。因此,影响他们心理状态的创伤性事件在他们的日常实践中时有发生。这就是为什么心理检查(分析他们的心理健康以及他们对压力的恢复能力等)是他们被招募到综合救援系统的基本组成部分的一部分。随后,他们的终身学习过程包括创伤后护理、增强复原力和应对创伤和压力事件的能力、预防创伤后应激障碍、预防心理困扰或倦怠综合征等。综合考虑上述事实,综合救援体系的基本组成部分都有一个提供创伤后护理的体系,而各个体系的特点以及提供这种护理的问题是本文的主题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Analysis of the Use of Post-Trauma Care and Crisis Intervention Among the Emergency Services with Regard to Job-Related Psychological Strain
The central topic of this paper is the complex issue of providing crisis intervention, post-traumatic care, posttraumatic intervention care, psychosocial intervention services in the basic components of the integrated rescue system in the Czech Republic. We draw on theoretical knowledge and also on practical experience that members and officers of the integrated rescue system in their daily practice are involved in a number of highly traumatic emergencies and crisis situations. The negative impact of dealing with emergencies and crisis situations has primary or secondary impact on their psychological state. Almost in their daily practice they encounter emotionally stressful situations such as traffic accidents accompanied by severe injuries or death of the participants, mass disabilities of persons, encounters with death (in various forms: natural death, death as a result of a criminal act, etc. ), notification of deaths to survivors, dealing with psychologically and physically demanding conflicts with persons showing elements of aggression and aggressive (verbal and physical) behaviour, interventions against armed offenders, implementation of crisis communication (personal or telephone) with persons demonstrating suicidal intent, implementation of crisis communication with affected persons or their family members, implementation of communication with persons with specific needs (e.g. etc.), implementation of multicultural communication, etc. Thus, traumatic events affecting their psychological state occur in their daily practice. That is why a psychological examination (analysing their mental health as well as their level of resilience to stress, etc.) is part of their recruitment into the basic components of the integrated rescue system. Subsequently, their lifelong learning process includes post-traumatic care, strengthening resilience and the ability to cope with traumatic and stressful events, prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder, prevention of psychological distress or burnout syndrome, etc. Taking into account the above-mentioned facts, the basic components of the integrated rescue system have a system of providing post-traumatic care, and the characteristics of each system and the issue of providing this care is the subject of this paper .
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