Particle Swarm Optimization for Tuning Power System Stabilizer towards Transient Stability Improvement in Power System Network

System stability plays a significant role in the development of modern power systems. Power System Stabilizer (PSS) is an effective device often used to provide auxiliary damping to the oscillations by stabilizing the signals. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is a popular and intelligent optimization technique used to solve various optimization problems. In this research work, the transient stability of the two-area four-machine system is improved using PSS1A. PSS1A is a single-input single-band power system stabilizer. The PSS1A parameters are optimized using PSO to enhance the stability and mitigate the oscillations. The simulation results of the relative power angle of Synchronous Generators (SGs) show that the transient stability is significantly improved with Optimized PSS1A (O-PSS1A), and the oscillations are mitigated. The maximum relative power angle of generator 1 and generator 2, with respect to generator 4, reduced by 29.5% and 33.6% respectively with the proposed O-PSS1A. Similarly, a reduction was obtained in settling time of both generator 1 and generator 2 at 4.94 s and 3.66 s compared to the system without PSS which was unstable.