哥白尼在神经科学和哲学上的革命:超越大脑的优势

G. Northoff
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摘要

我们怎样才能消除“心灵的直觉”?我证明了“心灵的直觉”可以追溯到哥白尼时代之前的思想或大脑(第20章)。与哥白尼类似,我们需要从根本上改变我们的有利位置,以消除心灵的直觉,并考虑到大脑和心理特征之间必要的本体论联系。为此,我们需要将我们的优势从心灵或大脑内部转移到“超越大脑的优势”。我在本章的主要论点是,类似于哥白尼对地球的看法,我们需要用后哥白尼的“超越大脑的观点”来取代前哥白尼的“来自心灵的观点”(或来自大脑的观点)。与“心内优势”(或“脑外优势”)不同,“脑外优势”包括关系,即世界-脑关系,作为其“知识逻辑空间”内可能的认识选项。这使我们能够通过作为意识的本体论倾向的世界-大脑关系来看待大脑和心理特征之间必要的本体论联系(第10章)。最重要的是,这使得“心灵直觉”和身心问题变得多余(如果不是不可能的话),然后可以被世界-大脑关系和世界-大脑问题所取代。我的结论是,这种“超越大脑的有利位置”与世界大脑问题无异于神经科学和哲学中的哥白尼式革命。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Copernican Revolution in Neuroscience and Philosophy: Vantage Point from beyond Brain
How can we eliminate the “intuition of mind”? I demonstrated that the “intuition of mind” can be traced to our pre-Copernican vantage point from within mind or brain (chapter 20). Analogous to Copernicus, we need to radically shift our vantage point to eliminate the intuition of mind and take into view the necessary ontological connection between brain and mental features. For that, we need shift our vantage point from within either mind or brain to a “vantage point from beyond brain”. My main argument in the present chapter is that, analogous to Copernicus with regard to earth, we need to replace the pre-Copernican “vantage point from within mind” (or from within brain) by a post-Copernican “vantage point from beyond brain”. Unlike the “vantage point from within mind” (or brain), the “vantage point from beyond brain” includes relation, i.e., world-brain relation, as possible epistemic option within its “logical space of knowledge”. This allows us to take into view the necessary ontological connection between brain and mental features through world-brain relation as ontological predisposition of consciousness (chapter 10). Most importantly, this renders superfluous if not impossible both “intuition of mind” and mind-body problem which then can be replaced by world-brain relation and world-brain problem. I conclude that such “vantage point from beyond brain” with the world-brain problem amounts to nothing less than a Copernican revolution in neuroscience and philosophy.
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