Comprehensive Review of High Performing Electrochemical Biosensors for Biomedical and Environmental Applications

Since the outbreak of COVID 19 in 2020, being able to detect diseases and chemicals with quick turn-around time becomes ever so needed and important. We have mounted seven different biocatalysts on a sensor platform to examine the performance of this electrochemical sensing system for the detection of different biomolecules/metabolites and environmental important molecules, with such we also compared how this sensing system fares with literature results of similar measurements. The sensor platform constitutes of a layer of bio composite mounted on different electrodes made out of Au, Ag, Pt, and glass carbon; the bio composite is fabricated with polymers and sol-gel Au nanoparticles with or without an extra layer of branching biomolecules. The targeting species for measurements include NH4+, NO3-, CN-, H2O2, and the biomolecules that post specific biomedical functions/identities. In this report, we provide a systematic update of analyses of this sensing system, including the unique identification potentials and sensitivities. This novel sensing system can be a valuable tool in biomedical diagnosis and environmental forensics; in particular the sensor platform used here, any biomedical diagnosis can be conducted with extremely high sensitivity as long as the biomolecules and their antigens are known.