模拟集成电路的片上数字校准以提高纳米技术的可靠性

Michael C. Sevcik, V. Stopjaková, L. Nagy, M. Potocný, D. Arbet
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在本文中,我们提出了一种模拟集成电路(IC)的数字校准方法,作为延长IC寿命和保持其可靠性的手段。所提出的方法可以补偿电路电气参数的部分漂移,这种漂移要么是由于老化和电气应力引起的,要么是由于工艺、电压和温度波动引起的更为严重的。将数字校准方法应用于集成式变增益放大器(VGA)中。校准旨在消除VGA输入偏置电压。这种技术不需要额外的设置或测试,因此,它可以完全自主。整个系统实现在一个芯片上,采用130nm CMOS工艺制造。供电电压仅为600m V。通过蒙特卡罗分析、可靠性分析和工艺角分析验证了所提出的自校准系统。制造完成后,原型芯片通过超过10个封装样品的实验测量进行验证。所得结果与仿真结果吻合较好。在电压增益等关键指标上,VGA基本符合标称值,证明了数字校准的有效性。测量的校准VGA输入偏置电压范围为13 $\mu V$至167 $\mu V$,而未校准的放大器显示输入偏置平均值= 403 $\mu V$和$\sigma=3.45mV$(在不同的芯片样本中测量)。数字校准方法可以替代其他广泛使用的方法,如斩波稳定或自动归零技术。因此,为相同的VGA开发了斩波稳定化,以便始终比较两种方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
On-Chip Digital Calibration for Analog ICs Towards Improved Reliability in Nanotechnologies
In this paper, we propose a digital method of calibration for analog integrated circuits (IC) as a mean to extend the lifetime of ICs and maintain their reliability. The proposed method can compensate partial drift in electrical parameters of circuits, which occurs either in a long-term view due to ageing and electrical stress or is rather more acute, being caused by process, voltage and temperature fluctuations. The digital calibration approach was utilized in an integrated variable-gain amplifier (VGA). Calibration is aimed at cancellation of the VGA input offset voltage. This technique does not require additional setting or test, and therefore, it can be fully autonomous. The whole system is implemented on a chip and it was fabricated in 130nm CMOS process. The power supply voltage of only 600 m V was used. The proposed self-calibrated system was verified through Monte Carlo, reliability and process corner analyses. After fabrication, prototyped chips were verified by experimental measurements over 10 packaged samples. Obtained results fit well between corners of simulation. In essential specifications such as voltage gain, the VGA closely meets the nominal values, which proves the effectiveness of the digital calibration. The measured calibrated VGA input offset voltage is in the range from 13 $\mu V$ to 167 $\mu V$, while the amplifier without calibration exhibits the input offset mean = 403 $\mu V$ and $\sigma=3.45mV$ (measured in different chip samples). The digital method of calibration serves as an alternative to other widely utilized methods such as chopper stabilization or auto-zero technique. Therefore, the chopper stabilization was developed for the same VGA in order to consistently compare both methods.
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