面纱下的生活:在美国犯罪率下降之前、期间和之后,美国黑人的凶杀案

Christine Martin
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摘要

W.E.B.杜波依斯在他1903年的文集《黑人的灵魂》中描述了他所谓的“面纱”,简洁地总结了非裔美国人在美国的致命和不利经历。本文以杜波依斯对美国黑人独自生活和死亡的面纱的思考为背景,研究了美国非洲裔美国人的现代状况,他们在现代(二十世纪和二十一世纪)是否继续存在于杜波依斯的面纱中,如果存在,在多大程度上存在。作为对美国黑人状况的例行检查和考察,重点放在黑人的生命损失上,首先评估黑人在美国人口中的比例,并与美国其他种族和族裔进行比较。通过对美国人口普查数据、从疾病控制和预防中心收集的健康数据以及从联邦调查局收集的犯罪数据进行研究,构建了一个与美国其他群体相比的当代美国黑人状况的复合材料,特别关注与其他群体相比,他们的生命损失率,包括婴儿死亡率、低生育率、堕胎率和高凶杀率。这一分析的结论是在犯罪率下降之前、期间和之后的90年代凶杀死亡人数。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Life Under the Veil: Homicide in Black America Before, During, and After the Drop in US Crime
Abstract W.E.B. DuBois, in his 1903 collection of writings entitled The Souls of Black Folk, describes what he calls “The Veil,” which succinctly sums up the deadly and adverse experiences of African Americans in the US. With DuBois contemplations of a Veil under which US Blacks alone live and die as context, this paper takes a look at the modern condition of African Americans in the US, whether they continue to exist within DuBois Veil in modern times (twentieth and twenty-first centuries), and if so, to what extent. As a routine examination and inspection of the condition of Blacks in the US, focus is placed on black lives lost, beginning with an appraisal of their size in the US population overtime, and in comparison with other racial and ethnic groups in the US. US census data, health data collected from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and crime data collected from the Federal Bureau of Investigation are examined to construct a composite of the condition of contemporary Blacks in the US as compared to other groups in the US, focusing attention specifically on the rates at which their lives are lost compared to others through infant mortality, low fertility rates, abortion, and high rates of homicide. This analysis concludes with a look at death from homicide before, during, and after the post-1990s drop in the crime rate.
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