Millimeter-wave imaging: A comparative study

In this paper millimeter-wave imaging of perfectly conducting objects and targets with impedance surfaces within the frequency range of 27–33 GHz is calculated. First, the scattered fields are computed using physical optics approximation. Next, two different imaging methods, holography and standard back-projection techniques are evaluated and compared. The backward-wave reconstruction algorithm is implemented using two dimensional (2D) sampling at a single frequency and the standard back-projection method is implemented using a 1D sampling and multiple frequency points. It is shown that holography can provide a fine detail of structure. However, it needs a larger number of sampling points. On the other hand, the standard back-projection method needs a relatively smaller number of sampling points, showing edges. Finally, a measurement set up working within the frequency range of 8–12 GHz is used to provide an imaging result employing measurement data.