Modelling and simulation of the energy demand and large scale integration of the electrical vehicles in “EnergyPLAN” model — Case of Romania

The present work is focused for the modelling, analysing, and evaluating of the obtained results from the simulation of the electric vehicles demand with “EnergyPLAN”. The models have developed for creating an optimal structure of the energy supply for electrical vehicles useful in Romanian energy system. For reducing greenhouse gas emissions and for decarbonizing the economy in the following period, the optimal solution can be realised with implementing the electrical vehicles in all levels of the transport sector. With plug in electrical vehicles (EV), it is possible to reduce and eliminate 100% of the fossil fuels and in this way, many jobs will be create in decarbonisation of economy. EVs in generally has high power (10 kW) connection, with important flexibility in time and duration of the charging. For modelling of the energy demand of the EVs reference case in “EnergyPLAN” model has been established. The models are used to evaluate the optimal energy mix structure where different intermittent and non-intermittent renewable energy sources are integrated. The modelling and calculation methods are presented for one case for 10,000 electrical cars, second case for 100,000 EVs, and third case for 1,000,000 electric vehicles. In generally, assuming an average car efficiency of 5 km / kWh, each car has one electrical demand around 4 MWh/year / EV (in case than one car drive around 20,000 km/year).