Angiographic Severity of CAD in Diabetic Versus Non-Diabetic Patients Presenting with STEMI

Objective: To determine the angiographic severity of CAD in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients undergoing primary PCI for STEMI. Methodology: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the Cardiology unit of Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar from January, 2021 to August 2021. All patients undergoing primary PCI for STEMI at cardiology unit of HMC were included in the study after a thorough history, examination and informed consent. Patients were divided into two categories on the basis of diabetes status. Furthermore, patients were also classified on the basis of number of vessels with significant coronary stenosis. Continuous variables were described as means and standard deviations whereas categorical variables were described as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test was applied to determine the significance of categorical variables. Results: A total of 68 patients with a mean age of 52±4.5 years were included in the study. Of these, 49 were males and 27 patients had diabetes. In the diabetes group, 20 patients had a history of anterior wall MI whereas 19 patients had history of anterior wall MI in the non-diabetes group. Similarly, 15 patients in the diabetes group and 11 patients in the non-diabetes group had inferior wall MI (p: 0.095). Furthermore, the number of patients who had TVCAD, DVCAD and SVCAD in the diabetic group was 15, 5 and 7 compared to 7, 15 and 19 in the non-diabetic group respectively (X2=11.039, p:<0.01). Two patients in the diabetes group had stent thrombosis whereas only 1 patient had stent thrombosis in the non-diabetes group. One patient died in the cath lab in the diabetic group whereas there was no mortality in the non-diabetic group. Conclusion: Diabetic patients presenting with STEMI is having more severe and extensive CAD during primary PCI as compared to non diabetic patients.