Power management and control of an electric vehicle with auxiliary fuel cell and wind energies

This paper presents the design of a power management simulator of an electric vehicle with auxiliary fuel cell and wind energy sources. The power system of the electric vehicle consists of a 1-kW hydrogen fuel cell and a 2-kW LiFePO4 battery. The supply of the system power is managed by a power management unit. Normally, the LiFePO4 battery is the main power of the electric vehicle with light load. But while the electric vehicle is climbing, the fuel cell stack will be added for more power supply. While the electric vehicle is going down or braking, the regenerated energy can be recharged to the LiFePO4 battery. The wind energy can be used to charge the LiFePO4 battery off line when its power is not full. Modeling of the whole power management system has been constructed by using PSIM simulation tool. Simulation results are provided to show the performance of the power management and control system.