反复支气管梗阻患儿物理康复方法的科学依据

I. Karimdzhanov, U. Zakirova, N. Israilova, N.B. Sodikova
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摘要

背景。小儿支气管肺疾病治疗的主要目标是控制病情,达到稳定的缓解过程,恢复外部呼吸、神经系统的功能,增加机体对过敏原作用的耐受性。运动疗法是非药物康复中最有效的方法之一。我们研究的目的是通过控制外呼吸功能的方法在复发性支气管梗阻患儿康复阶段使用运动水疗法的病理合理性。结果。通过对实验组和对照组反复支气管梗阻患儿在运动水疗法前后肺活量指标的比较分析,显示了运动水疗法结合陆地和泳池特殊呼吸练习的综合康复方法的有效性。经过1年的康复期,肺通气能力的侵犯由阻塞性型维持在轻度形式。Сhildren复发性支气管梗阻患者没有像实验组那样有效地使用物理康复和额外的医疗建议和物理治疗,在恢复期间仍然存在外部呼吸功能的侵犯。临床上,对照组患儿仍以急性呼吸道感染为背景,支气管梗阻频繁复发。因此,他们属于支气管梗阻病程较长,易转变为支气管哮喘的人群。疗程结束后,咳嗽次数减少,没有夜间发作,体温稳定正常。听不到喘息的声音,呼吸有一种刺耳的味道。结论。因此,使用治疗性水程序和呼吸物理练习,即运动水疗法,是复发性支气管梗阻儿童康复的有效方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Scientific substantiation of approaches to physical rehabilitation of children with recurrent bronchial obstruction
Background. The main objectives of the treatment of bronchopulmonary diseases in children are to control the disease, achieve a stable remission of the process, restore the function of external respiration, the nervous system, increase the body’s tolerance to the action of allergens. Kinesiotherapy is one of the most effective methods in non-drug rehabilitation. The purpose of our study was the pathogenetic justification of the use of kinesiohydrotherapy by the method of controlling the function of external respiration at the stage of rehabilitation of children with recurrent bronchial obstruction. Results. A comparative analysis of spirometric indicators in children with recurrent bronchial obstruction before and after kinesiohydrotherapy in the experimental and control groups showed the effectiveness of the method of comprehensive rehabilitation with the inclusion of kinesiohydrotherapy with special breathing exercises on land and in the pool. After a one-year rehabilitation period, violations of the ventilation capacity of the lungs by the obstructive type maintained in mild form. Сhildren with recurrent bronchial obstruction who did not effectively use physical rehabilitation with additional medical recommendations and physiotherapy as in experimental group, still had violations of the function of external respiration during the recovery period. Clinically, the children of control group continued to have frequent relapses of bronchial obstruction on the background of acute respiratory infections. Therefore, they belong to the group with a prolonged course of bronchial obstruction and the risk of transition to bronchial asthma. After the course of treatment, the cough became much less frequent, there were no night attacks, and the body temperature was steadily normal. Auscultation of wheezing was not heard, breathing had a harsh tinge. Conclusions. Thus, the use of therapeutic water procedures and respiratory physical exercises, i.e. kinesiohydrotherapy, is an effective method in the rehabilitation of children with recurrent bronchial obstruction.
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