Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna Integrated With Electromagnetic Bandgap(EBG) Reflector

A pattern reconfigurable antenna having ability to switch beam in nine different directions is proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna consists of simple patch at the top and four complementary split ring resonators (CSRR) and eight PIN diodes integrated in the ground plane. By switching PIN diodes ON and OFF, the main beam can be switched to different directions in both E-plane and H plane. The antenna is designed for center frequency of 2.45 GHz. The proposed antenna is then integrated with $5\times 5$ Electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure which acts as a reflector to enhance the gain by 1.2dB and beam switching from 31 to 62 degrees in desired directions. The antenna covers the entire azimuth angles while 3dB beam width covers the elevation angles from 0 to more than 47 degrees. The antenna is having a compact size of $0.82\lambda\times 0.78\lambda$ while the EBG surface which acts as a reflector is having dimension of $179.4\times 179.4\text{mm}^{2}$ at 2.45 GHz. The proposed beam switchable antenna can be a prospective candidate for emerging 5G applications. The antenna is designed and simulated using CST Studio Suite.