理解孟加拉国农村地方治理中的社会责任及其前进方向:以巴黎联盟为例

Miskat Jahan
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摘要

在21世纪,社会责任已成为建立一个更透明和更具代表性的政府的先决条件之一,并通过赋予公民权力来帮助公共机构满足人民的期望,这是有效和可持续发展所必需的。农村选举代表的社会责任可以帮助政府提高服务质量,赋予农村公民权力,促进善治。目前,被称为“发展奇迹”的孟加拉国在取得决定性胜利后的40年里,从一个贫穷的发展中国家一跃成为中等偏下收入国家。在这一增长和发展阶段,农村地方政府坚持社会责任,将通过确保以需求为基础的服务提供,确保实现可持续发展。在此背景下,本文旨在探讨社会问责机制在联合巴黎的现状,这是孟加拉国农村地方治理的最低层次。在分析的基础上,总结了若干关于前进道路的建议。二级数据分析和实证知识的运用,将有助于对基层社会问责的现状有一个清晰的认识。第一部分在理论分析的基础上提出了工会层面社会问责的重要性。第二节描述了确保巴黎联合银行社会责任的现有机制。第三部分对巴黎联盟一级的社会问责制的现状进行了深入的了解。第四部分将分享对研究结果、建议和结论的讨论。本研究发现,巴黎联盟工作人员缺乏兴趣、市民回避、委员会组建不规范、会议不定期、资源缺乏、裙带关系、政府监督等因素导致了农村地方政府社会问责机制的无效和无果。政府的政治意愿、非政府组织与非政府组织的合作、向农村地方政府分配资源、提高公民的认识、对公民进行政治教育和确保对巴黎联盟的官员进行适当培训,都可以发挥重要作用,通过农村地方政府的审议论坛和委员会来恢复社会责任。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Understanding Social Accountability at Rural Local Governance in Bangladesh and the Way Forward: In the Case of Union Parishad
In the 21st Century social accountability has become one of the preconditions to create a more transparent and representative government and aid public institutions in meeting the expectations of the population through empowering citizens which is necessary for effective and sustainable development. Social accountability of the elected representatives at the rural level may help the government increase service quality, empower rural citizens, and promote good governance. At present Bangladesh, mostly known as the “Development Surprise”, has leaped towards lower middle-income country status from a poor developing one within four decades of its decisive victory. In this stage of growth and development, the persistence of social accountability at the rural local government would ensure the attainment of sustainable development through ensuring demand-based service delivery. Against this backdrop, this paper intends to explore the present status of social accountability mechanisms at the Union Parishad which is the lowest tier of rural local governance in Bangladesh. Based on the analysis, several recommendations for the way forward have been summarized. Secondary data analysis and empirical knowledge have been exerted which would refer to a clear view of the current status of social accountability at the grass root level. The first section mentions the importance of social accountability at the union level based on theoretical analysis. Existing mechanisms to ensure social accountability at Union Parishad have been delineated in the second section. The third section develops a compact understanding of the current status of social accountability at the Union Parishad level. The fourth section will share a discussion of the findings, recommendations, and conclusion. This study finds that the lack of interest among Union Parishad Functionaries, avoidance by citizens, irregularities in committee formation, irregular meetings, lack of resources, clientelism and Govt. supervision, etc. have made the social accountability mechanisms at the rural local government ineffective and fruitless. The political willingness of the Government, GO-NGO collaboration, allocation of resources to rural local government, awareness raising among citizens, educating citizens politically, and ensuring proper training for the officials in the Union Parishad can play an important role to revive social accountability through deliberative forums and committees in the rural local government.
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