话语的社会文化基础与现代转型

Serhii Proleiev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

文章探讨了话语在人类生活中的地位和作用。其基础是语言和言语作为人类主要特征之一的重要性。由于语言,一个人自身的现实得以形成,这种现实具有语义特征。语言在人类世界构成中的作用有四个维度。它们是:语义生产力和语音可靠性的功能;组织功能与经验积累;人类生活的规范性功能;个性化的功能。言语对语篇格式的习得与判断的重要性的断言和有效性的证实有关。话语实践的这些特性与其规范性效果是分不开的。如果言语本身是由交流和陈述的效果所支配的,那么话语主要是对现实的语义排序。它总是创建、转换或取消一定的语义顺序。关于话语实践在当代世界中日益重要的作用的论点得到了证实。这是由于人类生活发生了划时代的变化,即生产时代的结束。整个人类文明史都可以用生产的发展来表示(从新石器时代革命形式的经济生产方式的发明开始)。同时,生产时代的终结意味着实现了人对自身、对自身本性和有机生存能力的诉求这一伟大的历史任务。在最近的历史角度来看,照顾好自己,而不是生存条件(外部物品)将是人类发展的优先事项。然而,这种人类存在的重新定位面临着对人的现实虚拟化的矛盾影响,这需要话语的经典职业发生变化。在这方面,本文分析了话语在当今高度强大的信息环境中的作用,话语正以信息力量的形式成为全球现实的主导力量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Socio-cultural foundations of discourse and modern transformation
The article considers the place and role of discourse in human life. The basis for this is the im- portance of language and speech as one of the leading features of humanity. Thanks to language, a person’s own reality is formed, which has a semantic character. Four dimensions of the effect of speech in the constitution of the human world are identified. These are: the function of se- mantic productivity and reliability of speech; function of organization and accumulation of ex- perience; the function of normativity of human life; personalization function. The acquisition of the discourse format by speech is associated with the assertion of significance and substantiation of the validity of judgments. These qualities of discursive practices are inseparable from their normative effect. If speech as such is dominated by the effect of communication and statements, the discourse is primarily a semantic ordering of reality. It always creates, transforms or cancels a certain semantic order. The thesis on the growing role of discursive practices in the contempo- rary world is substantiated. This is due to the epoch-making changes in human life, namely the end of the era of production. The whole history of human civilization can be represented as the development of production (from the invention of the production mode of economy in the form of the Neolithic revolution). The end of the era of production means at the same time the actu- alization of the great historical task of man’s appeal to himself, to his own nature and organic ability to live. Taking care of yourself, not the conditions of existence (external goods) will be a priority for human development in the near historical perspective. However, this reorientation of human existence is confronted with the contradictory impact of virtualization of reality for man, which entails changes in the classical vocation of discourse. In this regard, the effect of discourses in the highly powerful information environment of today is analyzed, which is becoming the leading force of global reality in the form of information power.
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