2型糖尿病患者的听力阈值

Emmanuel Hernandez Alvarado, Laura Melisa Román Marín, Carlos Cuellar Ramos, Patricia Vieyra Reyes, H. Mendieta Zerón, Virgilio Trujillo Condes
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摘要

背景:2型糖尿病(T2DM)可导致包括感觉功能在内的多种慢性并发症。目的:本研究的目的是确定中年T2DM患者的听力阈值,并根据有无听力损失对其进行分类。材料和方法:对40例T2DM患者(平均年龄58±8.6岁,T2DM平均发展时间11.9±8.2年)和40例非糖尿病患者(平均年龄52.4±10.9岁)进行前瞻性横断面研究。使用Grason-Stadler GSI 18筛选听力计进行纯音听力测量,评估11个频率(0.125-8 kHz)并将其分为低、中、高。听力损失定义为听力阈值>20分贝(dB),分为轻度:21-40 dB,中度:41-70 dB,重度:71-90 dB,重度:> 90 dB。结果:与对照组相比,糖尿病患者中高频率(P < 0.05)的听力阈值显著升高。当听力损失存在时,在对照组中几乎完全是轻度的(>80%),而糖尿病患者则表现为中度、重度甚至重度的听力损失。T2DM诊断时间与听力损失程度在高频和中频均呈线性相关(P = 0.04)。结论:T2DM早期对听力有影响;在这一人群中应考虑常规的听力功能评估。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Degree of Hearing Threshold in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to multiple chronic complications in the body including sensory functions. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the hearing threshold in middle-aged patients with T2DM and categorize it according to the presence or absence of hearing loss. Materials and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was performed with 40 patients with T2DM (mean age 58 ± 8.6 years and mean time of T2DM evolution 11.9 ± 8.2 years) and 40 nondiabetic subjects (mean age of 52.4 ± 10.9 years). Pure tone audiometry was performed with a Grason-Stadler GSI 18 screening audiometer, 11 frequencies (0.125–8 kHz) were evaluated and classified as low, medium, and high. Hearing loss was defined as a hearing threshold >20 decibels (dB) and was classified as: mild: 21–40 dB, moderate: 41–70 dB, severe: 71–90 dB, and profound: > 90 dB. Results: Compared to the control group, diabetic patients presented a significant increase in the hearing threshold at medium (P < 0.05) and high (P < 0.0001) audiometric frequencies. When hearing loss was present, it was almost entirely mild (>80%) in the control group, whereas diabetic patients presented moderate, severe, and even profound levels of hearing loss. A linear correlation was found between the diagnosis time of T2DM and the degree of hearing loss at high frequencies (P = 0.04) as well as at medium frequencies (P = 0.01). Conclusions: T2DM affects hearing from the early stages of the disease; routine evaluation of hearing function should be considered in this population.
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