Power Competition and Exploitation in Southeast Asia

Understanding the economic and political dimensions of imperialism requires a careful theoretical reading and close empirical study of the historical phases involved. This chapter critically examines the historically and contemporary implications of how Southeast Asia was incorporated into the world market. It traces how the rival colonial powers established exploitative mechanisms in order to extract surplus value from the region. US imperialism in the form of export of capital and production did not replace the European former colonial powers but became a supplement to Japanese and British economic imperialism in the region. This chapter challenges the conventional wisdom that American economic imperialism and hegemony was benign and not based on the British and Japanese use of brute force and conquest. In contrast to this view, the chapter argues that American monopoly capital expansion should be viewed by its ‘essential oneness’ between economic, political, and military-strategic objectives/tendencies.