成功的创新策略以克服波浪能技术发展中的技术挑战

P. Ruiz-Minguela, Jesús María Blanco, V. Nava
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管在过去的几十年里,国际研究界做出了相当大的努力,但波浪能技术未能实现预期的设计融合,以支持其未来的市场增长。许多技术挑战仍未解决,导致能源成本高于其他可再生能源。显然,仅靠渐进式创新无法填补目前的技术经济估计与为波浪能制定的中期政策目标之间的差距。必须从技术开发的一开始就采用系统的解决问题的方法,以满足部门的高期望。这种方法应该支持工程设计过程,促进工程分析的可追溯性,并为理解波浪能环境、形式化波浪能系统需求、指导技术经济设计决策和克服技术挑战提供实用工具。系统工程方法已成功地应用于开发复杂的商业产品在许多领域。在系统工程中开发的许多工具中,值得一提的是两种结构化创新技术:用于问题制定和选择的质量功能部署(QFD) [1];以及用于概念生成的创造性问题解决理论(TRIZ)[2]。不幸的是,它们在波浪能中的应用仍然是有限和零散的。在之前的研究工作[3]中,为了问题的制定和概念的选择,对波浪能能力进行了技术不可知的评估,作为起点,作者应用了QFD来获得可能对波浪能系统的总体设计产生最大影响的技术特征的优先级。主要的功能需求映射到从TRIZ提供的39个技术参数中提取的相等数量的设计参数。然后,利用TRIZ工具包提出了三种替代创新策略,以克服波浪能成本和性能限制。首先,采用分离原则处理物理矛盾。提出了在时间、空间、规模或条件上分离的潜在有效策略的例子。随后,创造性原则被用于解决技术矛盾和权衡。在此实施中发现的四个最有希望的创造性原则是“本地质量”,“动力”,“气动或液压”和“物理或化学性质”。这些原则促使用户考虑更广泛的选择,并提高创造性思维。另外还举例说明了如何将这些创造性的原理应用于波能。最后,最复杂的挑战需要系统转换策略。绕过相互矛盾的需求涉及到对物理体现的需求的功能分配的更根本的变化。因此,这种波能设计的重大转折只能在技术发展的初始阶段进行。[1 ]          美国美津浓、y Akao和k .石原Eds。, QFD,以客户为导向的质量计划和部署方法。东京,日本:亚洲生产力组织,1994年。[2]李建军,《知识产权理论与创新》,2011年第1版。doi: 10.1002 / 9780470684320。[3]张晓明,张晓明,张晓明,“波浪能系统性能的技术不可知评价”,《能源管理》,第15卷,第3期。7, p. 2624, 2022年4月,doi: 10.3390/en15072624。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Successful innovation strategies to overcome the technical challenges in the development of wave energy technologies
Despite the considerable efforts the international research community has made over the last decades, wave energy technologies have failed to achieve the desired design convergence to support their future market growth. Many technical challenges remain unresolved, leading to high costs of energy in comparison with other renewable energy sources. It becomes apparent that incremental innovation alone cannot fill the gap between the current techno-economic estimates and the medium-term policy targets established for wave energy. A systematic problem-solving approach must be embedded from the outset of technology development to meet the high sector expectations. This approach should support the engineering design processes, facilitate traceability of engineering analysis, and provide practical tools for understanding the wave energy context, formalising wave energy system requirements, guiding techno-economic design decisions, and overcoming technical challenges. Systems Engineering methods have been successfully applied to developing complex commercial products in many sectors. Among the many tools developed in Systems Engineering, it is worthwhile mentioning two structured innovation techniques: Quality Function Deployment (QFD) for problem formulation and selection [1]; and the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) for concept generation [2]. Unfortunately, their use in wave energy is still limited and fragmented. Taking as a starting point the technology-agnostic assessment of wave energy capabilities performed in previous research work [3] for the problem formulation and concept selection, the authors have applied QFD to obtain the prioritisation of the technical characteristics that may offer the greatest impact to the overall design for a wave energy system. The main Functional Requirements are mapped to an equal number of Design Parameters extracted from the 39 technical parameters provided by TRIZ. The TRIZ toolkit is then employed to suggest three alternative innovation strategies to overcome wave energy cost and performance limitations. Firstly, separation principles are used to deal with physical contradictions. Examples of potentially effective strategies involving separation in time, space, scale or condition are proposed. Subsequently, inventive principles are employed to solve technical contradictions and trade-offs. The four most promising inventive principles that have been found in this implementation are "Local quality", "Dynamism", "Pneumatics or hydraulics", and "Physical or chemical properties". These principles prompt the user to consider a broader range of alternatives and improve creative thinking. Additional examples are given on how these inventive principles could be applied in wave energy. Finally, a system transition strategy is needed for the most complex challenges. Bypassing contradictory demands involves more radical changes in the functional allocation of requirements to the physical embodiment. Therefore, such a significant pivot in wave energy design can only be made in the initial phases of technology development. [1]          S. Mizuno, Y. Akao, and K. Ishihara, Eds., QFD, the customer-driven approach to quality planning and deployment. Tokyo, Japan: Asian Productivity Organization, 1994. [2]          K. Gadd, TRIZ for Engineers: Enabling Inventive Problem Solving, 1st ed. Wiley, 2011. doi: 10.1002/9780470684320. [3]          P. Ruiz-Minguela, J. M. Blanco, V. Nava, and H. Jeffrey, ‘Technology-Agnostic Assessment of Wave Energy System Capabilities’, Energies, vol. 15, no. 7, p. 2624, Apr. 2022, doi: 10.3390/en15072624.
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