从家鼠分离的奇异变形杆菌的抗菌素敏感性模式和分子系统发育:坦桑尼亚阿鲁沙公共卫生中抗菌素耐药性的环境驱动因素

F. P. Ndakidemi, M. E. Baravuga, A. Mzula, A. Katakweba
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引用次数: 0

摘要

奇异变形杆菌(P. mirabilis)是一种细菌性病原体,可导致机会性感染、院内暴发和大多数血行性升尿路感染。在老鼠身上多次发现。由于老鼠与人类的相互作用,老鼠可能负责传播这些细菌及其抗菌素耐药性。本研究对从坦桑尼亚阿鲁沙市与人类同居的大鼠中分离的奇异假单胞菌进行了遗传表征和抗菌药敏模式评估。2021年3月至5月,共捕获大鼠139只,利用形态学和形态计量学特征在物种水平上进行鉴定。取深肠拭子,用缓冲蛋白胨水预先富集。采用常规培养和生化方法分离得到奇异假单胞菌,经16S rRNA聚合酶链反应和测序证实。采用系统发育学方法对分离株进行相似性分析。采用纸片扩散法对四环素、环丙沙星、庆大霉素、头孢噻肟、甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑、阿奇霉素、氨苄西林等7种抗生素进行药敏试验。利用PCR方法对每个分离株的抗性基因blaTEM、tetA、tetB、mphA、blaSHV、blaCTX-M、sul1和sul2进行了定位。捕获鼠种为家鼠(55.4%)、小家鼠(15.8%)和白腹鼠(28.8%)。从4份(2.9%)家鼠样本中分离到奇异假单胞菌。经PCR和测序证实,所有菌株均为奇异假单胞菌,与GenBank中的菌株100%相似。3株分离株对甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑、阿奇霉素和氨苄西林多重耐药,对阿奇霉素和氨苄西林均耐药,对环丙沙星、庆大霉素和头孢噻肟敏感。3例为甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑耐药和四环素中级耐药。PCR检测到tetA、blaTEM、sul1和sul2耐药基因。构建的系统发育树显示,所有分离株均与突尼斯分离株亲缘关系密切。这项研究已经从坦桑尼亚的大鼠身上发现了第一个具有抗菌素耐药性特征的奇异疟原虫,这可能会引起公共卫生问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and molecular phylogenetics of Proteus mirabilis isolated from domestic rats: An environmental driver to antimicrobial resistance in public health in Arusha Tanzania
Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) is a bacterial pathogen contributing to opportunistic infections, nosocomial outbreaks, and mostly hematogenous ascending urinary tract infections. It has repeatedly been found in rats. Due to rat-human interaction, rats are likely responsible for spreading these bacteria and their antimicrobial-resistant. This study was performed to genetically characterize and assess antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of P. mirabilis isolated from rats cohabiting with humans in Arusha municipality, Tanzania. A total of 139 rats were trapped from March to May 2021 and identified at the species level using morphological and morphometric features. Deep-intestinal swabs were obtained and pre-enriched in buffered peptone water. P. mirabilis was isolated by conventional culture and biochemical methods and confirmed by 16S rRNA polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Phylogenetics was used to assess the similarities of the isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by disk diffusion method using seven antibiotics, including tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, cefotaxime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, azithromycin, and ampicillin. Resistance genes blaTEM, tetA, tetB, mphA, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, sul1, and sul2 were traced in each isolate using PCR. Mixed rat species, Rattus rattus (55.4%), Mus musculus (15.8%), and Mastomys natalensis (28.8%), were captured. P. mirabilis was isolated from four (2.9%) Rattus rattus samples. By PCR and sequencing, all were confirmed as P. mirabilis and 100% similar to strains from GenBank. Three isolates showed multidrug resistance (MDR) against trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, azithromycin, and ampicillin, while all isolates were resistant to azithromycin and ampicillin, and susceptible to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and cefotaxime. Three were resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and intermediate to tetracycline. PCR analysis detected tetA, blaTEM, sul1, and sul2 resistance genes. Constructed phylogenetic tree showed that all isolates from this study were closely related to isolates from Tunisia. The study has discovered the first P. mirabilis isolates from rats in Tanzania with antimicrobial resistance traits that could be of public health concern.
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