Markov based VHO to improve the Handover performance among heterogeneous wireless networks in PMIPv6 domain

The IETF NETLMM working group proposed Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6), a network based localized mobility management protocol. PMIPv6 does not involve the mobile node in any mobility related signaling. One of the most challenging tasks in this fourth generation wireless network is the service continuity. When a mobile node moves from one Access Point (AP) to another AP connected in two different networks, Handover (HO) cannot be avoided. A process switching from one wireless technology to another is known as Vertical Handover (VHO). The proposed algorithm for VHO optimizes the performance of Handover Delay and packet loss. The GPS tracking system is used for location update and system discovery. The Markov based decision is used to identify the best available network to perform handover for seamless connectivity. The simulation results show that the handover latency of the proposed algorithm is minimized than the existing approaches and reduces the loss of packets during handover.