社会水文学研究方法和难点 Methodologies and Challenges for Socio-Hydrology

人类文明离不开水。在气候变化和人类活动等变化环境下，人类社会系统与水文系统之间的联系愈加紧密。本文基于国内外研究现状，辨析社会水文学的基本定义、与水资源管理和生态水文学的区别，综述社会水文学的主要研究方法，展望社会水文学研究的热点和难点问题，最后简述目前学术界对社会水文学的争议。社会水文学重点研究社会–水文耦合系统的协同演化和动力学机制，以期能够增加人们对于社会水文系统内在联系规律的了解，提高人类对于未来水文水资源的预测能力。 Human civilization depends greatly on water. Human society is increasingly connected with the hydrologic system as human activities intensify and global climate changes. Based on recent research at home and abroad, this paper introduces the definition of socio-hydrology that different with water resources management and eco-hydrology, summarizes the socio-hydrology modeling approaches, identifies the challenges of socio-hydrology issues, and finally briefs the controversies in the academic field. The socio- hydrology focuses on the dynamics and coevolution of coupled human and hydrological systems for the purpose of improving the understanding of coupled human and water systems and the capability of pre-dicting the future of water resources system.