{"title":"固体的硬度","authors":"D. Tabor","doi":"10.1088/0034-6683/1/3/I01","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This review is concerned with the basic physical meaning of hardness. It is shown that indentation hardness of ductile materials is essentially a measure of their plastic properties. With brittle solids the high hydrostatic pressures around the deformed region are often sufficient to inhibit brittle fracture. Under these conditions both indentation and scratch hardness are essentially a measure of the plastic rather than the brittle properties of the solid. This provides a simple physical basis for the Mohs scratch hardness scale","PeriodicalId":189909,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Physics in Technology","volume":"69 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"548","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The hardness of solids\",\"authors\":\"D. Tabor\",\"doi\":\"10.1088/0034-6683/1/3/I01\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"This review is concerned with the basic physical meaning of hardness. It is shown that indentation hardness of ductile materials is essentially a measure of their plastic properties. With brittle solids the high hydrostatic pressures around the deformed region are often sufficient to inhibit brittle fracture. Under these conditions both indentation and scratch hardness are essentially a measure of the plastic rather than the brittle properties of the solid. This provides a simple physical basis for the Mohs scratch hardness scale\",\"PeriodicalId\":189909,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Reviews of Physics in Technology\",\"volume\":\"69 3\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"1900-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"548\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Reviews of Physics in Technology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-6683/1/3/I01\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Reviews of Physics in Technology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-6683/1/3/I01","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
This review is concerned with the basic physical meaning of hardness. It is shown that indentation hardness of ductile materials is essentially a measure of their plastic properties. With brittle solids the high hydrostatic pressures around the deformed region are often sufficient to inhibit brittle fracture. Under these conditions both indentation and scratch hardness are essentially a measure of the plastic rather than the brittle properties of the solid. This provides a simple physical basis for the Mohs scratch hardness scale
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