{"title":"界定国家创新体系概念的概念方法","authors":"Dmytro Vysotsky","doi":"10.37772/2518-1718-2023-1(41)-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Problem setting. As globalization processes deepen, the state’s position on the world stage increasingly begins to be determined by its overall competitiveness, which, in turn, directly depends on the structure and efficiency of the country’s innovation system. It is the innovative system that allows the state to occupy a certain niche in the system of international division of labor, to gain weight and status in the system of international relations. The problem of increasing international competitiveness is acutely facing Ukraine. It is not by chance that the question of the prospects for the formation of a national innovation system occupies a prominent place in the economic policy of Ukraine. Analysis of recent research and publications. The study of the concept, structure and subjects of the national innovation system is devoted to the work of various authors, in particular: Yu.E. Atamanova , K. Freeman , R. Nelson, B.A. Lundvall , L.I. Fedulova, A.A. Marakhovsky , M. Т. Sharko and others. However, the majority of research is purely economic in nature and is not closely «linked» to current national and foreign legislation. Target of the research is to study the concept and structure of the national innovation system, taking into account the analysis of the main economic-theoretical and legal approaches to the definition of this concept contained in the scientific literature and current legislation. Article’s main body. The article analyzes the main approaches to defining the concept of the national innovation system. It was found that most of these approaches are purely economic in nature, which complicates their use in the current legislation. It was established that in economic theory, the national innovation system is considered in three main aspects: 1) as a set of institutions whose activities are aimed at generating and spreading innovations; 2) as a complex of related economic mechanisms and types of activities that ensure innovative processes; 3) as part of the national economic system, which ensures the organic integration of innovative processes into the progressive development of the economy and society. The article also analyzes the definition of the concept of the national innovation system, which is contained in international legal acts and the legislation of Ukraine. The analysis of the definition of the concept of the national innovation system, which is proposed in the draft Innovation Code of Ukraine, was carried out. Based on the study of the concept and structure of the national innovation system, its main features were determined, namely. The national innovation system covers a complex of economically, organizationally and legally interacting subjects, which include: subjects of scientific, scientific and technical, innovative activity, innovative infrastructure, specially authorized bodies of state power and local self-government in the field of innovative activity; the focus of the subjects of the national innovation system on direct participation, provision or stimulation of innovations. The activities of the subjects of the national innovation system are aimed at carrying out scientific research and development with the aim of their further application in various sectors of the economy (in particular, the real sector) and the social sphere. On the basis of the research, a proper definition of the concept of the national innovation system was formulated as an ordered set of interrelated subjects of scientific, scientific and technical, innovative activity, innovative infrastructure, as well as state and local self-government bodies that develop, provide and support innovations. Considerable attention is paid to the study of the structure of the national innovation system. Despite the variety of available approaches to determining the structure of the national innovation system, special attention is paid to the study of the structure of the national innovation system. The main elements of the structure of the national innovation system are defined, which include state regulation, education, knowledge generation, innovation infrastructure and production. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Scientific literature and legislation contain different approaches to defining the concept and structure of the national innovation system. Among the variety of available approaches, the most justified is the institutional approach, the essence of which is to identify the national innovation system with a set of institutions (organizations, structures) that directly or indirectly participate in the process of ensuring or implementing innovative activities. In the legal sense, the national innovation system should be understood as an ordered set of interrelated subjects of scientific, scientific and technical, innovative activity, innovative infrastructure, as well as state and local self-government bodies that carry out the development, provision and support of innovative activities.","PeriodicalId":133481,"journal":{"name":"Law and innovations","volume":"71 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Conceptual Approaches to Defining the Concept of a National Innovation System\",\"authors\":\"Dmytro Vysotsky\",\"doi\":\"10.37772/2518-1718-2023-1(41)-2\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Problem setting. As globalization processes deepen, the state’s position on the world stage increasingly begins to be determined by its overall competitiveness, which, in turn, directly depends on the structure and efficiency of the country’s innovation system. It is the innovative system that allows the state to occupy a certain niche in the system of international division of labor, to gain weight and status in the system of international relations. The problem of increasing international competitiveness is acutely facing Ukraine. It is not by chance that the question of the prospects for the formation of a national innovation system occupies a prominent place in the economic policy of Ukraine. Analysis of recent research and publications. The study of the concept, structure and subjects of the national innovation system is devoted to the work of various authors, in particular: Yu.E. Atamanova , K. Freeman , R. Nelson, B.A. Lundvall , L.I. Fedulova, A.A. Marakhovsky , M. Т. Sharko and others. However, the majority of research is purely economic in nature and is not closely «linked» to current national and foreign legislation. Target of the research is to study the concept and structure of the national innovation system, taking into account the analysis of the main economic-theoretical and legal approaches to the definition of this concept contained in the scientific literature and current legislation. Article’s main body. The article analyzes the main approaches to defining the concept of the national innovation system. It was found that most of these approaches are purely economic in nature, which complicates their use in the current legislation. It was established that in economic theory, the national innovation system is considered in three main aspects: 1) as a set of institutions whose activities are aimed at generating and spreading innovations; 2) as a complex of related economic mechanisms and types of activities that ensure innovative processes; 3) as part of the national economic system, which ensures the organic integration of innovative processes into the progressive development of the economy and society. The article also analyzes the definition of the concept of the national innovation system, which is contained in international legal acts and the legislation of Ukraine. The analysis of the definition of the concept of the national innovation system, which is proposed in the draft Innovation Code of Ukraine, was carried out. Based on the study of the concept and structure of the national innovation system, its main features were determined, namely. The national innovation system covers a complex of economically, organizationally and legally interacting subjects, which include: subjects of scientific, scientific and technical, innovative activity, innovative infrastructure, specially authorized bodies of state power and local self-government in the field of innovative activity; the focus of the subjects of the national innovation system on direct participation, provision or stimulation of innovations. The activities of the subjects of the national innovation system are aimed at carrying out scientific research and development with the aim of their further application in various sectors of the economy (in particular, the real sector) and the social sphere. On the basis of the research, a proper definition of the concept of the national innovation system was formulated as an ordered set of interrelated subjects of scientific, scientific and technical, innovative activity, innovative infrastructure, as well as state and local self-government bodies that develop, provide and support innovations. Considerable attention is paid to the study of the structure of the national innovation system. Despite the variety of available approaches to determining the structure of the national innovation system, special attention is paid to the study of the structure of the national innovation system. The main elements of the structure of the national innovation system are defined, which include state regulation, education, knowledge generation, innovation infrastructure and production. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Scientific literature and legislation contain different approaches to defining the concept and structure of the national innovation system. Among the variety of available approaches, the most justified is the institutional approach, the essence of which is to identify the national innovation system with a set of institutions (organizations, structures) that directly or indirectly participate in the process of ensuring or implementing innovative activities. In the legal sense, the national innovation system should be understood as an ordered set of interrelated subjects of scientific, scientific and technical, innovative activity, innovative infrastructure, as well as state and local self-government bodies that carry out the development, provision and support of innovative activities.\",\"PeriodicalId\":133481,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Law and innovations\",\"volume\":\"71 5\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-03-12\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Law and innovations\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.37772/2518-1718-2023-1(41)-2\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Law and innovations","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.37772/2518-1718-2023-1(41)-2","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
问题设置。随着全球化进程的深入,一个国家在世界舞台上的地位越来越多地开始由其整体竞争力决定,而整体竞争力又直接取决于该国创新体系的结构和效率。它是一种创新的制度,使国家在国际分工体系中占有一定的地位,在国际关系体系中获得分量和地位。提高国际竞争力的问题正严峻地摆在乌克兰面前。形成国家创新体系的前景问题在乌克兰的经济政策中占据突出地位并非偶然。分析最近的研究和出版物。对国家创新体系的概念、结构和主题的研究主要集中在多位作者的工作上,特别是:Atamanova, K. Freeman, R. Nelson, ba . Lundvall, L.I. Fedulova, A.A. Marakhovsky, M. Т。Sharko和其他人。然而,大多数研究都是纯粹的经济性质,与当前的国家和外国立法没有密切的“联系”。本研究的目标是研究国家创新体系的概念和结构,同时考虑到科学文献和现行立法中对这一概念定义的主要经济理论和法律方法的分析。文章的主体。本文分析了界定国家创新体系概念的主要途径。人们发现,这些方法大多是纯粹经济性质的,这使它们在现行立法中的使用复杂化。在经济理论中,国家创新体系主要从三个方面来考虑:1)其活动旨在产生和传播创新的一整套制度;2)作为确保创新过程的相关经济机制和活动类型的综合体;3)作为国民经济体系的一部分,确保创新过程有机地融入经济和社会的逐步发展。文章还分析了国际法律文件和乌克兰立法中对国家创新体系概念的界定。对乌克兰《创新法》草案中提出的国家创新体系概念的界定进行了分析。在对国家创新体系的概念和结构进行研究的基础上,确定了国家创新体系的主要特征:国家创新体系是一个复杂的经济、组织和法律相互作用的主体,包括:科学、科学和技术主体、创新活动、创新基础设施、国家权力机构和创新活动领域的地方自治政府;国家创新体系主体的重点是直接参与、提供或刺激创新。国家创新体系主体的活动旨在开展科学研究和发展,目的是将其进一步应用于经济的各个部门(特别是实体部门)和社会领域。在研究的基础上,对国家创新系统的概念进行了适当的定义,将其定义为科学、科学和技术、创新活动、创新基础设施以及开发、提供和支持创新的国家和地方自治机构等相关主体的有序集合。对国家创新体系结构的研究备受关注。尽管确定国家创新系统结构的方法多种多样,但对国家创新系统结构的研究受到了特别的关注。界定了国家创新体系结构的主要要素,包括国家监管、教育、知识生成、创新基础设施和生产。结论及发展展望。科学文献和立法对国家创新体系的概念和结构有不同的界定方法。在各种可用的方法中,最合理的是制度方法,其实质是将国家创新系统与一系列直接或间接参与确保或实施创新活动过程的机构(组织、结构)确定起来。从法律意义上讲,国家创新体系应被理解为一套有序的相互关联的科学、科学技术、创新活动、创新基础设施以及开展创新活动的开发、提供和支持的国家和地方自治机构。
Conceptual Approaches to Defining the Concept of a National Innovation System
Problem setting. As globalization processes deepen, the state’s position on the world stage increasingly begins to be determined by its overall competitiveness, which, in turn, directly depends on the structure and efficiency of the country’s innovation system. It is the innovative system that allows the state to occupy a certain niche in the system of international division of labor, to gain weight and status in the system of international relations. The problem of increasing international competitiveness is acutely facing Ukraine. It is not by chance that the question of the prospects for the formation of a national innovation system occupies a prominent place in the economic policy of Ukraine. Analysis of recent research and publications. The study of the concept, structure and subjects of the national innovation system is devoted to the work of various authors, in particular: Yu.E. Atamanova , K. Freeman , R. Nelson, B.A. Lundvall , L.I. Fedulova, A.A. Marakhovsky , M. Т. Sharko and others. However, the majority of research is purely economic in nature and is not closely «linked» to current national and foreign legislation. Target of the research is to study the concept and structure of the national innovation system, taking into account the analysis of the main economic-theoretical and legal approaches to the definition of this concept contained in the scientific literature and current legislation. Article’s main body. The article analyzes the main approaches to defining the concept of the national innovation system. It was found that most of these approaches are purely economic in nature, which complicates their use in the current legislation. It was established that in economic theory, the national innovation system is considered in three main aspects: 1) as a set of institutions whose activities are aimed at generating and spreading innovations; 2) as a complex of related economic mechanisms and types of activities that ensure innovative processes; 3) as part of the national economic system, which ensures the organic integration of innovative processes into the progressive development of the economy and society. The article also analyzes the definition of the concept of the national innovation system, which is contained in international legal acts and the legislation of Ukraine. The analysis of the definition of the concept of the national innovation system, which is proposed in the draft Innovation Code of Ukraine, was carried out. Based on the study of the concept and structure of the national innovation system, its main features were determined, namely. The national innovation system covers a complex of economically, organizationally and legally interacting subjects, which include: subjects of scientific, scientific and technical, innovative activity, innovative infrastructure, specially authorized bodies of state power and local self-government in the field of innovative activity; the focus of the subjects of the national innovation system on direct participation, provision or stimulation of innovations. The activities of the subjects of the national innovation system are aimed at carrying out scientific research and development with the aim of their further application in various sectors of the economy (in particular, the real sector) and the social sphere. On the basis of the research, a proper definition of the concept of the national innovation system was formulated as an ordered set of interrelated subjects of scientific, scientific and technical, innovative activity, innovative infrastructure, as well as state and local self-government bodies that develop, provide and support innovations. Considerable attention is paid to the study of the structure of the national innovation system. Despite the variety of available approaches to determining the structure of the national innovation system, special attention is paid to the study of the structure of the national innovation system. The main elements of the structure of the national innovation system are defined, which include state regulation, education, knowledge generation, innovation infrastructure and production. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Scientific literature and legislation contain different approaches to defining the concept and structure of the national innovation system. Among the variety of available approaches, the most justified is the institutional approach, the essence of which is to identify the national innovation system with a set of institutions (organizations, structures) that directly or indirectly participate in the process of ensuring or implementing innovative activities. In the legal sense, the national innovation system should be understood as an ordered set of interrelated subjects of scientific, scientific and technical, innovative activity, innovative infrastructure, as well as state and local self-government bodies that carry out the development, provision and support of innovative activities.