Effectiveness of a video-based exercise program on nutritional status and quality of life of peritoneal dialysis patients: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a video-based exercise program on nutritional status and quality of life (QOL) of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.

Materials and methods: Participants satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited and divided into the intervention group and the control group. The intervention group received video-based exercise based on a manual advocated by the National Kidney Foundation, while the control group received routine exercise guidance. Their nutritional indicators and the Quality of Life Scale for Peritoneal Dialysis patients (QLSPD) scores were collected and analyzed.

Results: No adverse events occurred during the study. Baseline data between the two groups were comparable, and there were no significant differences in body mass index (BMI) (t = 0.214, p = 0.831), triceps skin fold thickness (TSF) (t = 0.407, p = 0.685), arm muscle circumference (AMC) (t = 0.310, p = 0.757), grip strength (Gs) (t = 0.557, p = 0.579), calf circumference (Cc) (t = 0.441, p = 0.660), serum albumin (Alb) (t = 0.261, p = 0.795), prealbumin (PA) (t = 0.218, p = 0.828), hemoglobin (Hb) (t = 0.114, p = 0.909), triglyceride (TG) (t = 0.192, p = 0.848), total cholesterol (TC) (t = 0.092, p = 0.927), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (t = 0.124, p = 0.902), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (t = 0.265, p = 0.792), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (t = 0.540, p = 0.590), serum creatinine (SCr) (t = 0.255, p = 0.799), total urea clearance index (Kt/V) (t = 0.958, p = 0.340), total creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) (t = 0.166, p = 0.868), protein equivalent of nitrogen appearance (nPNA) (t = 0.240, p = 0.811), and QLSPD scores (p > 0.05) between the two groups at the baseline measures. However, after 12 weeks of intervention, the AMC (t = 2.993, p = 0.003) and Cc (t = 2.811, p = 0.006) of the intervention group improved significantly compared with the control group. The BMI (t = 2.068, p = 0.041) and TSF (t = 2.578, p = 0.011) showed a trend of improvement compared with baseline. And the intervention group scored less in body physiology function (t = 7.084, p < 0.001), disease factors (t = 13.336, p < 0.001), mental state (t = 9.555, p < 0.001), and social role (t = 5.156, p < 0.001) components, while their satisfaction hardly changed (t = 0.240, p = 0.811).

Conclusion: The video-based exercise intervention is safe and can remarkably improve the nutritional status and QOL of PD patients.