Epidemiological, Clinical and Radiographic Features of Supernumerary Teeth in Nonsyndromic Bosnian and Herzegovinian Population: a Monocentric Study.

Background: Supernumerary teeth (ST) represent one of the most common developmental anomalies among humans.

Objective: In this study, we set a goal to investigate ST prevalence in the Bosnian and Herzegovinian population along with characteristics and complications that ST can cause.

Methods: This retrospective study was based on panoramic radiographs, CBCT images, and dental records. Analyzed ST characteristics were: type, morphology, location, eruption state, location in the arch, orientation, and associated clinical complications. Statistical analysis included univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using Fisher's exact test with a confidence interval of 95% (p<0.05).

Results: On a sample of 10.237 patients, ST teeth appear in 100 patients with a prevalence of 0.98%. Out of 138 analyzed ST mesiodens was the most frequent (43.47%). The most common location of the ST was maxilla (77.53%). The majority of ST were impacted (90.5%) but with no complications (71.7%). There was statistically significant relationship (p<0.001) between the type of ST and location (mesiodens and distomolars were mostly found in the maxilla). The relationship between ST type and morphology was also statistically significant (p<0.001)-mesiodens was associated with conical morphology, parapremolar with supplementary, and distomolar with tuberculate morphology. The occurrence of ST-associated retention of adjacent teeth was correlated to the type of tooth (p<0.001).

Conclusion: The present study found prevalence of ST in B&H population to be low. Although associated pathology was not high early diagnosis allows optimal patient management which reduces later complications.