南非高暴露环境中与环境污染物暴露相关的儿童急性呼吸结果滞后。

IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Shumani Phaswana, Caradee Y Wright, Rebecca M Garland, Thulie N Khumalo, Rajen N Naidoo
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引用次数: 2

摘要

急性环境空气污染对儿童呼吸健康的影响可能随时间而滞后。我们确定了颗粒物(PM2.5)、二氧化硫(SO2)和氮氧化物(NOx)对低收入社区儿童呼吸健康的短期滞后影响。方法:一项以学校为基础的研究采用重复测量设计,在夏季和冬季,在南非瓦尔三角四个郊区的四所学校进行。PM2.5、NOx和SO2的数据来自学校附近的监测站。在每个阶段,四年级的孩子们在超过10个学习日的时间里完成了症状记录和肺功能测试。家长们完成了一份儿童呼吸问卷。广义估计方程模型调整了与肺功能结果和空气污染物相关的协变量,包括1-5天的滞后效应。结果:PM2.5、NOx和SO2的日浓度中位数经常高于国际标准。在280名儿童参与者(平均年龄9岁)中,基于可能哮喘症状的患病率为9.6%。除氮氧化物和呼吸短促外,与污染有关的呼吸道症状风险持续增加。肺功能与污染物在不同滞后期的波动相关,PM2.5和SO2的呼气流量峰值(PEFR)最为明显。在前5天平均二氧化硫暴露中,PEFR损失最大(7.5 L/分钟)。结论:在以学校为基础的儿童样本中,每日肺功能的滞后下降和出现呼吸道症状的几率增加与PM2.5和SO2的增加有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Lagged acute respiratory outcomes among children related to ambient pollutant exposure in a high exposure setting in South Africa.

Lagged acute respiratory outcomes among children related to ambient pollutant exposure in a high exposure setting in South Africa.

Lagged acute respiratory outcomes among children related to ambient pollutant exposure in a high exposure setting in South Africa.

Lagged acute respiratory outcomes among children related to ambient pollutant exposure in a high exposure setting in South Africa.

Acute ambient air pollution impacts on the respiratory health of children may be lagged across time. We determined the short-term lagged effects of particulate matter (PM2.5), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) on the respiratory health of children living in low-income communities.

Methods: A school-based study was conducted using a repeated measures design, across summer and winter, in four schools in each of four suburbs in the Vaal Triangle, South Africa. Data for PM2.5, NOx, and SO2 were obtained from monitoring stations within close proximity of the schools. Over 10 school days in each phase, grade 4 children completed a symptoms log and lung function tests. Parents completed a child respiratory questionnaire. Generalized estimation equations models adjusted for covariates of interest in relation to lung function outcomes and air pollutants including lag effects of 1-5 days.

Results: Daily PM2.5, NOx, and SO2 median concentration levels were frequently higher than international standards. Among the 280 child participants (mean age 9 years), the prevalence of symptoms based on probable asthma was 9.6%. There was a consistent increased pollutant-related risk for respiratory symptoms, except for NOx and shortness of breath. Lung function, associated with pollutant fluctuations across the different lags, was most pronounced for peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) for PM2.5 and SO2. A preceding 5-day average SO2 exposure had the largest loss (7.5 L/minute) in PEFR.

Conclusions: Lagged declines in daily lung function and increased odds of having respiratory symptoms were related to increases in PM2.5 and SO2 among a school-based sample of children.

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来源期刊
Environmental Epidemiology
Environmental Epidemiology Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
2.80%
发文量
71
审稿时长
25 weeks
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