体育活动干预对老年人认知功能的影响:临床试验的系统回顾。

Q3 Medicine
Viktor Gkotzamanis, Emmanuella Magriplis, Demosthenes Panagiotakos
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引用次数: 2

摘要

痴呆症或轻度认知障碍的患病率正在增加,药物治疗仍有待解决。这些事实强调需要确定可改变的因素和有针对性的干预措施,以减少发病率或控制疾病进展。体育活动(PA)已被证明对认知功能有有益的影响,但迄今为止的研究结果仍存在争议。本系统综述的目的是总结最新的临床研究数据,调查60岁以上成人认知障碍和PA之间的关系。为此,我们对PubMed、Scopus和Google Scholar进行了检索,共选取了35篇研究进行综述。11项研究调查了PA对无认知障碍个体的影响,其中7项研究显示了显著的改善,主要是在特定的认知领域,只有1项是在整体认知方面。14项研究包括轻度认知障碍(MCI)人群,其中12项研究报告了认知功能的显著改善。他们中的大多数对整体认知和执行功能有有益的影响。最后,九项研究调查了对诊断为痴呆症的人群的干预措施,其中只有四项在干预后显示出任何认知益处。没有一致的观察到特定类型的运动与某些认知领域的更大改善或改善之间的联系,也没有最短的干预时间要求改善产生效果。总之,大多数最新发表的文献表明PA对认知功能有保护作用。患有轻度认知障碍的人似乎从PA干预中受益最多,对认知正常的人的好处更微妙,更难以察觉,而对痴呆症患者的研究结果仍然矛盾。由于研究结果目前尚未完全一致,需要进一步的长期前瞻性干预研究来阐明这种异质性的原因。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The effect of physical activity interventions on cognitive function of older adults: A systematic review of clinical trials.

Prevalence of dementia or of milder form of cognitive impairment is increasing and a pharmaceutical treatment remains pending. These facts underline the need of identifying modifiable factors and targeted interventions that could reduce the incidence or control disease progression. Physical activity (PA) has been shown to have a beneficial effect on cognitive function, however findings to date remain controversial. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the most recent data from clinical studies investigating the relationship between cognitive impairment and PA in adults older than 60 years of age. For this purpose, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, search was conducted, and a total of thirty-five studies were selected to review. Eleven studies investigated the effect of PA on individuals without cognitive impairment and seven of them presented some significant improvement, mostly on specific cognitive domains and only one in global cognition. Fourteen studies included populations with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and twelve of them reported significant improvements in cognitive function. The majority of them presented a beneficial effect on global cognition and executive function. Finally, nine studies investigated interventions on populations with a diagnosis of dementia and only four of them showed any cognitive benefit following their interventions. There was no consistent observed association of a specific type of exercise and greater improvement or improvement in certain domains of cognition nor was there a minimum duration of intervention required for the improvements to take effect. In conclusion, the majority of the latest published literature suggests a protective role of PA on cognitive function. People with MCI seem to benefit the most from PA interventions, benefits in people with normal cognition are more subtle and harder to detect, while findings from studies in people with dementia remain contradictory. As findings are not currently in total agreement, further long-term prospective intervention studies are required in order to elucidate the reasons of this heterogeneity.

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来源期刊
Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki
Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki Medicine-Medicine (all)
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
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