探索社会脆弱性、建筑环境与 COVID-19 发病率之间的关系:芝加哥案例研究。

IF 11.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering
Sustainable Cities and Society Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-20 DOI:10.1016/j.scs.2021.103261
Shakil Bin Kashem, Dwayne M Baker, Silvia R González, C Aujean Lee
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引用次数: 0

摘要

COVID-19 对美国造成了严重而不均衡的影响,对社会弱势群体的影响尤为严重。尽管流行病学家和公共卫生官员建议采取社会疏远和就地避难的措施来阻止病毒的传播,但遵守这些指导方针的能力取决于与社会脆弱性相关的邻里、家庭和个人特征。我们使用结构方程模型和多种数据源(包括来自 SafeGraph 的匿名手机定位数据)来研究不同社会脆弱性和建筑环境因素对两个重叠时段(2020 年 3 月至 5 月和 3 月至 11 月)COVID-19 流行率的影响。我们以伊利诺伊州芝加哥市为案例进行研究,发现在这两个时间段内,教育程度低的邮政编码的病例发生率一直较高。虽然人口密度与任何时期的发病率都没有明显关系,但只有在较长时期内,人口流动才对发病率有显著影响。这一发现凸显了分析不同时间段对了解社会脆弱性的重要意义。我们的研究结果表明,社会脆弱性在 COVID-19 的流行中起到了影响作用,这凸显了解决大流行病恢复和未来大流行病应对中的社会经济障碍的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Exploring the nexus between social vulnerability, built environment, and the prevalence of COVID-19: A case study of Chicago.

Exploring the nexus between social vulnerability, built environment, and the prevalence of COVID-19: A case study of Chicago.

Exploring the nexus between social vulnerability, built environment, and the prevalence of COVID-19: A case study of Chicago.

COVID-19 has significantly and unevenly impacted the United States, disproportionately affecting socially vulnerable communities. While epidemiologists and public health officials have suggested social distancing and shelter-in-place orders to halt the spread of this virus, the ability to comply with these guidelines is dependent on neighborhood, household, and individual characteristics related to social vulnerability. We use structural equation modeling and multiple data sources, including anonymized mobile phone location data from SafeGraph, to examine the effects of different social vulnerability and built environment factors on COVID-19 prevalence over two overlapping time periods (March to May and March to November of 2020). We use Chicago, Illinois as a case study and find that zip codes with low educational attainment consistently experienced higher case rates over both periods. Though population density was not significantly related to the prevalence in any period, movement of people made a significant contribution only during the longer time period. This finding highlights the significance of analyzing different timeframes for understanding social vulnerability. Our results suggest social vulnerability played an influential role in COVID-19 prevalence, highlighting the needs to address socioeconomic barriers to pandemic recovery and future pandemic response.

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来源期刊
Sustainable Cities and Society
Sustainable Cities and Society CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGYGREEN &-GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
CiteScore
18.40
自引率
13.70%
发文量
810
期刊介绍: Sustainable Cities and Society (SCS) is an international journal focusing on fundamental and applied research aimed at designing, understanding, and promoting environmentally sustainable and socially resilient cities.
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