“不可忽视的观察机构”:量子和类量子理论中的互补性、因果关系和事件之箭。

IF 4.3 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Arkady Plotnitsky
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这篇文章的论点是基于在量子物理学中,观测仪器在我们与自然的相互作用中的不可约干涉,因此,在量子现象与经典物理学的构成中,这种干涉原则上可以忽略。这种干涉的不可约性被玻尔视为经典物理学和量子物理学之间的主要区别,并为他对量子现象和量子理论的解释奠定了基础。玻尔认为互补性是对经典因果理想的概括,因果理想定义了经典物理学和相对论。虽然玻尔暗示了观测技术、互补性、因果关系和事件之箭(一个取代了本文中常用的时间之箭的新概念)之间的关系,但他也没有提及。本文引入了另一个新概念,量子因果关系,作为概率因果关系的一种形式。这篇文章的论点是基于对量子现象和量子理论的特殊解释,由“没有现实主义的现实(RWR)”的概念定义的。这种解释遵循了玻尔的解释,但包含了某些额外的特征,特别是狄拉克公设。本文还从发展的角度考虑了类量子(Q-L)理论(基于QM的数学)。这篇文章是主题期刊“热力学2.0:连接自然科学和社会科学(第2部分)”的一部分。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
'The agency of observation not to be neglected': complementarity, causality and the arrow of events in quantum and quantum-like theories.

The argument of this article is grounded in the irreducible interference of observational instruments in our interactions with nature in quantum physics and, thus, in the constitution of quantum phenomena versus classical physics, where this interference can, in principle, be disregarded. The irreducible character of this interference was seen by N. Bohr as the principal distinction between classical and quantum physics and grounded his interpretation of quantum phenomena and quantum theory. Bohr saw complementarity as a generalization of the classical ideal of causality, which defined classical physics and relativity. While intimated by Bohr, the relationships among observational technology, complementarity, causality and the arrow of events (a new concept that replaces the arrow of time commonly used in this context) were not addressed by him either. The article introduces another new concept, that of quantum causality, as a form of probabilistic causality. The argument of the article is based on a particular interpretation of quantum phenomena and quantum theory, defined by the concept of 'reality without realism (RWR)'. This interpretation follows Bohr's interpretation but contains certain additional features, in particular the Dirac postulate. The article also considers quantum-like (Q-L) theories (based in the mathematics of QM) from the perspective it develops. This article is part of the theme issue 'Thermodynamics 2.0: Bridging the natural and social sciences (Part 2)'.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.30
自引率
2.00%
发文量
367
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Continuing its long history of influential scientific publishing, Philosophical Transactions A publishes high-quality theme issues on topics of current importance and general interest within the physical, mathematical and engineering sciences, guest-edited by leading authorities and comprising new research, reviews and opinions from prominent researchers.
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