Standardizing Care of the Late Preterm Infant.

Background: Late preterm infants are infants born between 34 and 36 6/7 weeks gestation. Compared to term infants, late preterm infants are at increased risk for breastfeeding difficulties, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and hypothermia due to their relative physiologic and metabolic immaturity.

Problem: Medical record reviews performed at a level III maternal and newborn hospital in central Illinois revealed only 64% of late preterm infants admitted to the newborn nursery received care per the unit late preterm infant policy. The aim of this quality improvement project was to increase nurse adherence to the policy to 80%.

Methods: Between May 2022 and September 2022, several interventions were implemented for maternal-child nurses and support clinicians: an education offering, creation of a late preterm infant-specific breastfeeding log, and electronic medical record updates. Post-intervention medical record reviews measured policy adherence through documentation of feeding sessions, hypoglycemia, hypothermia, and hyperbilirubinemia. Descriptive statistics were performed to determine improvement.

Results: Nurse adherence to the late preterm infant policy increased to 90% over the period of the project.

Clinical implications: Late preterm infant care protocols should be in place in all newborn nurseries. Late preterm infant policy adherence can be supported through electronic medical record prompts, use of a late preterm infant-specific breastfeeding log, and continuing education.