Torsten M Scheyer, Gustavo R Oliveira, Pedro S R Romano, Dylan Bastiaans, Lisa Falco, Gabriel S Ferreira, Márton Rabi
{"title":"这是一个伪造的“嵌合体”,其中包括来自巴西下白垩纪桑塔纳群的原棘海龟Santanachelysgaffneyi的第二个标本和pleurodire Araripemys的外壳部分。","authors":"Torsten M Scheyer, Gustavo R Oliveira, Pedro S R Romano, Dylan Bastiaans, Lisa Falco, Gabriel S Ferreira, Márton Rabi","doi":"10.1186/s13358-023-00271-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fossils of Cretaceous sea turtles adapted to an open marine lifestyle remain rare finds to date. Furthermore, the relationships between extant sea turtles, chelonioids, and other Mesozoic marine turtles are still contested, with one key species being <i>Santanachelys</i> <i>gaffneyi</i> Hirayama, 1998, long considered the earliest true sea turtle. The species is an Early Cretaceous member of <i>Protostegidae</i>, a controversial clade either placed within or closely related to <i>Chelonioidea</i> or, alternatively, along the stem lineage of hidden-neck turtles (<i>Cryptodira</i>) and representing an independent open marine radiation. <i>Santanachelys</i> <i>gaffneyi</i> is one of the most completely preserved early protostegids and is therefore critical for establishing the global phylogenetic position of the group. However, the single known specimen of this taxon is yet to be described in detail. Here we describe a second specimen of <i>Santanachelys</i> <i>gaffneyi</i> from its type horizon, the Romualdo Formation (late Aptian) of the Santana Group of the Araripe basin, NE Brazil. The skeletal elements preserved include the posterior part of the skull, neck vertebrae, shoulder girdle, anterior-most and left/central part of the carapace with few peripherals, and plastron lacking most of the hyoplastra. The remaining part of the carapace was apparently completed by fossil dealers using an anterior part of the pleurodiran <i>Araripemydidae</i>, tentatively identified as a shell portion of cf. <i>Araripemys</i> <i>barretoi,</i> a more common Santana fossil turtle, among other indeterminate turtle shell fragments. The purpose of this paper is to report the repatriation of the specimen to Brazil and to provide a preliminary description.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13358-023-00271-9.</p>","PeriodicalId":56059,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Palaeontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10163108/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A forged 'chimera' including the second specimen of the protostegid sea turtle <i>Santanachelys</i><i>gaffneyi</i> and shell parts of the pleurodire <i>Araripemys</i> from the Lower Cretaceous Santana Group of Brazil.\",\"authors\":\"Torsten M Scheyer, Gustavo R Oliveira, Pedro S R Romano, Dylan Bastiaans, Lisa Falco, Gabriel S Ferreira, Márton Rabi\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s13358-023-00271-9\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Fossils of Cretaceous sea turtles adapted to an open marine lifestyle remain rare finds to date. Furthermore, the relationships between extant sea turtles, chelonioids, and other Mesozoic marine turtles are still contested, with one key species being <i>Santanachelys</i> <i>gaffneyi</i> Hirayama, 1998, long considered the earliest true sea turtle. The species is an Early Cretaceous member of <i>Protostegidae</i>, a controversial clade either placed within or closely related to <i>Chelonioidea</i> or, alternatively, along the stem lineage of hidden-neck turtles (<i>Cryptodira</i>) and representing an independent open marine radiation. <i>Santanachelys</i> <i>gaffneyi</i> is one of the most completely preserved early protostegids and is therefore critical for establishing the global phylogenetic position of the group. However, the single known specimen of this taxon is yet to be described in detail. Here we describe a second specimen of <i>Santanachelys</i> <i>gaffneyi</i> from its type horizon, the Romualdo Formation (late Aptian) of the Santana Group of the Araripe basin, NE Brazil. The skeletal elements preserved include the posterior part of the skull, neck vertebrae, shoulder girdle, anterior-most and left/central part of the carapace with few peripherals, and plastron lacking most of the hyoplastra. The remaining part of the carapace was apparently completed by fossil dealers using an anterior part of the pleurodiran <i>Araripemydidae</i>, tentatively identified as a shell portion of cf. <i>Araripemys</i> <i>barretoi,</i> a more common Santana fossil turtle, among other indeterminate turtle shell fragments. The purpose of this paper is to report the repatriation of the specimen to Brazil and to provide a preliminary description.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13358-023-00271-9.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":56059,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Swiss Journal of Palaeontology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10163108/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Swiss Journal of Palaeontology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13358-023-00271-9\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PALEONTOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Swiss Journal of Palaeontology","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13358-023-00271-9","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PALEONTOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
A forged 'chimera' including the second specimen of the protostegid sea turtle Santanachelysgaffneyi and shell parts of the pleurodire Araripemys from the Lower Cretaceous Santana Group of Brazil.
Fossils of Cretaceous sea turtles adapted to an open marine lifestyle remain rare finds to date. Furthermore, the relationships between extant sea turtles, chelonioids, and other Mesozoic marine turtles are still contested, with one key species being Santanachelysgaffneyi Hirayama, 1998, long considered the earliest true sea turtle. The species is an Early Cretaceous member of Protostegidae, a controversial clade either placed within or closely related to Chelonioidea or, alternatively, along the stem lineage of hidden-neck turtles (Cryptodira) and representing an independent open marine radiation. Santanachelysgaffneyi is one of the most completely preserved early protostegids and is therefore critical for establishing the global phylogenetic position of the group. However, the single known specimen of this taxon is yet to be described in detail. Here we describe a second specimen of Santanachelysgaffneyi from its type horizon, the Romualdo Formation (late Aptian) of the Santana Group of the Araripe basin, NE Brazil. The skeletal elements preserved include the posterior part of the skull, neck vertebrae, shoulder girdle, anterior-most and left/central part of the carapace with few peripherals, and plastron lacking most of the hyoplastra. The remaining part of the carapace was apparently completed by fossil dealers using an anterior part of the pleurodiran Araripemydidae, tentatively identified as a shell portion of cf. Araripemysbarretoi, a more common Santana fossil turtle, among other indeterminate turtle shell fragments. The purpose of this paper is to report the repatriation of the specimen to Brazil and to provide a preliminary description.
Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13358-023-00271-9.
期刊介绍:
The Swiss Journal of Palaeontology publishes original research and review articles of interest to the international community in the fields of palaeontology, taxonomy and systematics, while recognising at the same time the importance of documenting high-quality palaeontological data in a regional context. Palaeobiology in combination with alpha taxonomy is a core topic of the journal.
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