Electrochemical sensor based on molecularly imprinted copolymer for selective and simultaneous determination of riboflavin, dopamine, and L-tryptophan

This research shows the exact detection of riboflavin (RF), dopamine (DA), and L-tryptophan (Trp) through molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) based on the electropolymerization method. MIP was placed on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by electropolymerization of monomers such as catechol and para-aminophenol, in the presence of all three analytes. The introduced sensor was investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and electrochemical methods, for example, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The MIP/GCE performs well in terms of selectivity, reproducibility, repeatability, and stability. This sensor revealed good linear ranges of 0.005–500 μM for RF, 0.05–500 μM for DA, and 0.1–250 μM for Trp with limits of detection (LOD) as 0.0016 μM, 0.016 μM, and 0.03 μM for RF, DA, and Trp, respectively. The modified GCE was successfully applied to detect RF, DA, and Trp in serum and milk samples with satisfactory results.