推特上新冠肺炎厌食症和老年痴呆症症状早期检测的评估:回顾性研究。

IF 3.5 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
JMIR infodemiology Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI:10.2196/41863
Carole Faviez, Manissa Talmatkadi, Pierre Foulquié, Adel Mebarki, Stéphane Schück, Anita Burgun, Xiaoyi Chen
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引用次数: 1

摘要

背景:在前所未有的新冠肺炎大流行期间,社交媒体被广泛用于扩大信息的传播,并表达个人与健康相关的症状体验,包括嗅觉缺失和老年痴呆,这两种症状的报告晚于其他症状。目的:我们的目的是调查推特用户在推文中报告嗅觉缺失和老年痴呆症状的程度,以及他们是否将其与新冠肺炎联系在一起,以评估这些症状是否可以在使用推特而非官方通知之前被确定为新冠肺炎症状。方法:我们收集了2020年1月1日至2020年3月31日期间发布的法语推文,其中包含嗅觉缺失或年龄相关的关键词。使用模糊匹配检测症状。分析由三部分组成。首先,我们比较了推特和传统媒体对嗅觉缺失和老年痴呆症状的报道,以确定新冠肺炎与嗅觉缺失或老年痴呆之间的关联是否可以通过推特更早地确定。其次,我们对嗅觉缺失和年龄相关的推文进行了手动分析,以获得关于其性质的定量和定性见解,并评估新冠肺炎与这些症状之间的首次关联是何时建立的。我们随机注释了两个时期的推文:疫情早期和快速传播阶段。对于每条推文,每个症状都被注释为3种模式:症状(是或否)、与新冠肺炎相关(是、否或未知)以及是否有人经历过(是、无或未知)。第三,为了评估2020年初提及嗅觉缺失或老年痴呆症的推文是否在全球范围内增加,这与新冠肺炎疫情的开始相对应,我们比较了2019年和2020年第一个时期报告有嗅觉缺失或老龄痴呆症的发推文,在2020年的分析期间,提取了832条(分别为12544条)包含嗅觉缺失(分别为老年痴呆)相关关键词的推文。与传统媒体的比较显示出强烈的相关性,没有任何滞后,这表明推特的反应很重要,但在推特上没有早期检测到。对2020年推文的注释显示,在官方宣布前几天,可以找到将嗅觉缺失或老年痴呆与新冠肺炎相关的推文。然而,在新冠疫情的第一阶段,没有发现任何关联。关于症状的暂时性和这些症状的心理影响的信息可以在推文中找到。2020年初和2019年初的比较显示,推文数量没有差异。结论:根据我们对法国推文的分析,新冠肺炎与网络用户嗅觉缺失或老年痴呆症之间的关联可能在官方宣布前几天就在推特上发现了,但在大流行的早期阶段却没有。患者在推特上分享有关嗅觉缺失或老年痴呆症状的定性信息,这些信息可能对未来的分析感兴趣。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Assessment of the Early Detection of Anosmia and Ageusia Symptoms in COVID-19 on Twitter: Retrospective Study.

Assessment of the Early Detection of Anosmia and Ageusia Symptoms in COVID-19 on Twitter: Retrospective Study.

Assessment of the Early Detection of Anosmia and Ageusia Symptoms in COVID-19 on Twitter: Retrospective Study.

Assessment of the Early Detection of Anosmia and Ageusia Symptoms in COVID-19 on Twitter: Retrospective Study.

Background: During the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic, social media has been extensively used to amplify the spread of information and to express personal health-related experiences regarding symptoms, including anosmia and ageusia, 2 symptoms that have been reported later than other symptoms.

Objective: Our objective is to investigate to what extent Twitter users reported anosmia and ageusia symptoms in their tweets and if they connected them to COVID-19, to evaluate whether these symptoms could have been identified as COVID-19 symptoms earlier using Twitter rather than the official notice.

Methods: We collected French tweets posted between January 1, 2020, and March 31, 2020, containing anosmia- or ageusia-related keywords. Symptoms were detected using fuzzy matching. The analysis consisted of 3 parts. First, we compared the coverage of anosmia and ageusia symptoms in Twitter and in traditional media to determine if the association between COVID-19 and anosmia or ageusia could have been identified earlier through Twitter. Second, we conducted a manual analysis of anosmia- and ageusia-related tweets to obtain quantitative and qualitative insights regarding their nature and to assess when the first associations between COVID-19 and these symptoms were established. We randomly annotated tweets from 2 periods: the early stage and the rapid spread stage of the epidemic. For each tweet, each symptom was annotated regarding 3 modalities: symptom (yes or no), associated with COVID-19 (yes, no, or unknown), and whether it was experienced by someone (yes, no, or unknown). Third, to evaluate if there was a global increase of tweets mentioning anosmia or ageusia in early 2020, corresponding to the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic, we compared the tweets reporting experienced anosmia or ageusia between the first periods of 2019 and 2020.

Results: In total, 832 (respectively 12,544) tweets containing anosmia (respectively ageusia) related keywords were extracted over the analysis period in 2020. The comparison to traditional media showed a strong correlation without any lag, which suggests an important reactivity of Twitter but no earlier detection on Twitter. The annotation of tweets from 2020 showed that tweets correlating anosmia or ageusia with COVID-19 could be found a few days before the official announcement. However, no association could be found during the first stage of the pandemic. Information about the temporality of symptoms and the psychological impact of these symptoms could be found in the tweets. The comparison between early 2020 and early 2019 showed no difference regarding the volumes of tweets.

Conclusions: Based on our analysis of French tweets, associations between COVID-19 and anosmia or ageusia by web users could have been found on Twitter just a few days before the official announcement but not during the early stage of the pandemic. Patients share qualitative information on Twitter regarding anosmia or ageusia symptoms that could be of interest for future analyses.

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