黄单胞菌XopL中保守的微管结合区对于诱导的植物细胞死亡反应是必不可少的。

IF 6.7 1区 医学 Q1 Immunology and Microbiology
PLoS Pathogens Pub Date : 2023-08-14 eCollection Date: 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1011263
Simon Ortmann, Jolina Marx, Christina Lampe, Vinzenz Handrick, Tim-Martin Ehnert, Sarah Zinecker, Matthias Reimers, Ulla Bonas, Jessica Lee Erickson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

致病性黄单胞菌可引起400多种植物的疾病。这些革兰氏阴性菌利用III型分泌系统将III型效应蛋白(T3Es)直接注射到植物细胞胞质溶胶中,在那里它们可以操纵植物途径以促进毒力。给定黄单胞菌物种的宿主范围是有限的,T3E库在与特定植物物种的相互作用过程中是专门的。然而,一些效应子在大多数菌株中都保留了下来,如黄单胞菌外蛋白L(XopL)。作为一种“祖先”效应物,XopL有助于多种黄单菌的毒力,感染不同的植物物种。XopL同源物包含富含亮氨酸重复序列(LRR)结构域和具有E3连接酶活性的XL盒的组合。尽管结构域结构相似,但有证据表明XopL的功能已经分化,例如在植物中表达的XopL在其亚细胞定位和植物细胞死亡反应中往往表现出细菌物种依赖性差异。我们发现,在本氏N.benthamiana的农业感染试验中,来自X.euvesicatoria(XopLXe)的XopL直接与植物微管(MT)结合,并导致强烈的细胞死亡。对来自另外三种不同感染策略和植物宿主的黄单胞菌的XopLXe同源物的定位表明。campestris含有一种XopL(XopLXcc),它不能定位于MT并导致植物细胞死亡。MT结合XopLs和XopLXcc的比较序列分析确定了一个对MT定位重要的脯氨酸富集区(PRR)/α-螺旋区。对XopLXe截短和PRR内氨基酸交换的功能分析表明,MT定位的XopL活性是植物细胞死亡反应所必需的。这项研究举例说明了在属而非单个物种的背景下对T3E的研究如何揭示效应器定位如何与生物化学活性联系在一起。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

A conserved microtubule-binding region in Xanthomonas XopL is indispensable for induced plant cell death reactions.

A conserved microtubule-binding region in Xanthomonas XopL is indispensable for induced plant cell death reactions.

A conserved microtubule-binding region in Xanthomonas XopL is indispensable for induced plant cell death reactions.

A conserved microtubule-binding region in Xanthomonas XopL is indispensable for induced plant cell death reactions.

Pathogenic Xanthomonas bacteria cause disease on more than 400 plant species. These Gram-negative bacteria utilize the type III secretion system to inject type III effector proteins (T3Es) directly into the plant cell cytosol where they can manipulate plant pathways to promote virulence. The host range of a given Xanthomonas species is limited, and T3E repertoires are specialized during interactions with specific plant species. Some effectors, however, are retained across most strains, such as Xanthomonas Outer Protein L (XopL). As an 'ancestral' effector, XopL contributes to the virulence of multiple xanthomonads, infecting diverse plant species. XopL homologs harbor a combination of a leucine-rich-repeat (LRR) domain and an XL-box which has E3 ligase activity. Despite similar domain structure there is evidence to suggest that XopL function has diverged, exemplified by the finding that XopLs expressed in plants often display bacterial species-dependent differences in their sub-cellular localization and plant cell death reactions. We found that XopL from X. euvesicatoria (XopLXe) directly associates with plant microtubules (MTs) and causes strong cell death in agroinfection assays in N. benthamiana. Localization of XopLXe homologs from three additional Xanthomonas species, of diverse infection strategy and plant host, revealed that the distantly related X. campestris pv. campestris harbors a XopL (XopLXcc) that fails to localize to MTs and to cause plant cell death. Comparative sequence analyses of MT-binding XopLs and XopLXcc identified a proline-rich-region (PRR)/α-helical region important for MT localization. Functional analyses of XopLXe truncations and amino acid exchanges within the PRR suggest that MT-localized XopL activity is required for plant cell death reactions. This study exemplifies how the study of a T3E within the context of a genus rather than a single species can shed light on how effector localization is linked to biochemical activity.

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来源期刊
PLoS Pathogens
PLoS Pathogens 生物-病毒学
CiteScore
11.40
自引率
3.00%
发文量
598
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Bacteria, fungi, parasites, prions and viruses cause a plethora of diseases that have important medical, agricultural, and economic consequences. Moreover, the study of microbes continues to provide novel insights into such fundamental processes as the molecular basis of cellular and organismal function.
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