1900-2019 年间全球 1725 起大规模屠杀案件的动机因素分析。

IF 0.7 4区 医学 Q4 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Gary Brucato, Hannah Hesson, Gabriella Dishy, Kathryn Lee, Tyler Pia, Faizan Syed, Alexandra Villalobos, R Tyler Rogers, Thomas Corbeil, Michael H Stone, Jeffrey A Lieberman, Paul S Appelbaum, Ragy R Girgis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大规模谋杀,尤其是大规模枪击,是一个日益严重的公共健康问题。人们对这些行为的具体动机还不甚了解,往往过度归咎于严重的精神疾病。找出导致大规模谋杀的各种因素可能有助于预防。我们研究了 1900-2019 年间全球发生的 1725 起大规模谋杀案,这些案件均以英文印刷或在线形式公开描述。我们根据经验将每起案件分为十个类别,反映了所报告的主要动机因素,并对所有大屠杀凶手以及美国和非美国的大屠杀凶手进行了分析。与精神疾病有关的精神病或精神错乱是不常见的动机因素(166 人,占 9.6%),并且与使用枪支以外的方法实施的大规模屠杀有显著关联。绝大多数事件(998 起,占 57.86%)都是在不利的生活环境下冲动和情绪驱动的。研究发现,大多数情绪不佳的大屠杀凶手是由于对生活事件感到绝望或极度悲伤(161 人,占这一类别的 16.13%);恋爱遭到拒绝或失去,或严重嫉妒(204 人,占这一类别的 20.44%);一些特定的非恋爱怨恨(212 人,占这一类别的 21.24%);或在争执后爆发出压倒性的愤怒(266 人,占这一类别的 26.65%)。研究结果表明,预防大规模谋杀的政策应重点关注犯罪史,以及近期经历过负面生活事件、应对能力差的个人中与严重精神疾病无关的亚急性情绪障碍。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
An Analysis of Motivating Factors in 1,725 Worldwide Cases of Mass Murder Between 1900-2019.

Mass murder, particularly mass shootings, constitutes a major, growing public health concern. Specific motivations for these acts are not well understood, often overattributed to severe mental illness. Identifying diverse factors motivating mass murders may facilitate prevention. We examined 1,725 global mass murders from 1900-2019, publicly described in English in print or online. We empirically categorized each into one of ten categories reflecting reported primary motivating factors, which were analyzed across mass murderers generally, as well as between U.S- and non-U.S.-based mass-shooters. Psychosis or disorganization related to mental illness were infrequently motivational factors (166; 9.6%), and were significantly more associated with mass murder committed using methods other than firearms. The vast majority (998, 57.86%) of incidents were impulsive and emotionally-driven, following adverse life circumstances. Most mass murderers prompted by emotional upset were found to be driven by despair or extreme sadness over life events (161, 16.13% within the category); romantic rejection or loss, or severe jealousy (204, 20.44% within the category); some specific non-romantic grudge (212, 21.24% within the category); or explosive, overwhelming rage following a dispute (266, 26.65% within the category). Results suggest that policies seeking to prevent mass murder should focus on criminal history, as well as subacute emotional disturbances not associated with severe mental illness in individuals with poor coping skills who have recently experienced negative life events.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
7.10%
发文量
44
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