The moderating role of macronutrient intake in relation to body composition and genotoxicity: A study with gym users

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503660

Diene da Silva Schlickmann , Patrícia Molz , Gabriela Cristina Uebel , Caroline Santos , Caroline Brand , Renato Alberto Weber Colombelli , Thalia Gama da Silva , Juliana Priebe Steffens , Eduarda da Silva Limberger Castilhos , Pedro J. Benito , Alexandre Rieger , Silvia Isabel Rech Franke

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Abstract

In a cross-sectional study of gymnasium users (both sexes, ages = 41.9 ± 14.8 years), we examined the moderating role of macronutrient intake in relation to body composition and genotoxicity. A questionnaire was administered to evaluate characteristics of the participants. To assess macronutrient consumption, we used 24-h food recalls on three non-consecutive days. Body composition (body fat percentage and muscle mass) was evaluated with a bioimpedance scale. Genotoxicity was assessed with the buccal micronucleus cytome assay. Multiple linear regression models were applied, adjusting for age; sex; tobacco and alcohol consumption; and (with regard to exercise habits) frequency, training time, intensity, and types. Micronucleus frequency was directly associated with body fat and inversely associated with muscle mass. Our study shows that carbohydrate and fat intakes affect body fat percentage and micronucleus frequency in gymnasium users.

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大量营养素摄入对身体成分和遗传毒性的调节作用：一项针对健身房使用者的研究

在一项针对健身房使用者（男女，年龄=41.9±14.8岁）的横断面研究中，我们检验了大量营养素摄入对身体成分和遗传毒性的调节作用。通过问卷调查来评估参与者的特点。为了评估宏量营养素的消耗，我们使用了非连续三天的24小时食品召回。用生物阻抗量表评估身体成分（体脂百分比和肌肉质量）。用口腔微核细胞仪测定基因毒性。采用多元线性回归模型，根据年龄进行调整；性别烟酒消费；以及（关于锻炼习惯）频率、训练时间、强度和类型。微核率与体脂直接相关，与肌肉质量呈负相关。我们的研究表明，碳水化合物和脂肪的摄入会影响健身房使用者的体脂百分比和微核率。

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来源期刊

Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis 生物-毒理学

CiteScore

3.80

自引率

5.30%

发文量

审稿时长

105 days

期刊介绍： Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis (MRGTEM) publishes papers advancing knowledge in the field of genetic toxicology. Papers are welcomed in the following areas: New developments in genotoxicity testing of chemical agents (e.g. improvements in methodology of assay systems and interpretation of results). Alternatives to and refinement of the use of animals in genotoxicity testing. Nano-genotoxicology, the study of genotoxicity hazards and risks related to novel man-made nanomaterials. Studies of epigenetic changes in relation to genotoxic effects. The use of structure-activity relationships in predicting genotoxic effects. The isolation and chemical characterization of novel environmental mutagens. The measurement of genotoxic effects in human populations, when accompanied by quantitative measurements of environmental or occupational exposures. The application of novel technologies for assessing the hazard and risks associated with genotoxic substances (e.g. OMICS or other high-throughput approaches to genotoxicity testing). MRGTEM is now accepting submissions for a new section of the journal: Current Topics in Genotoxicity Testing, that will be dedicated to the discussion of current issues relating to design, interpretation and strategic use of genotoxicity tests. This section is envisaged to include discussions relating to the development of new international testing guidelines, but also to wider topics in the field. The evaluation of contrasting or opposing viewpoints is welcomed as long as the presentation is in accordance with the journal''s aims, scope, and policies.