Metabolomic profiles and pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis.

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q3 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-21 DOI:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000903

Nicholas S Kowalczyk, Megan L Prochaska, Elaine M Worcester

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: Kidney stone disease is caused by supersaturation of urine with certain metabolites and minerals. The urine composition of stone formers has been measured to prevent stone recurrence, specifically calcium, uric acid, oxalate, ammonia, citrate. However, these minerals and metabolites have proven to be unreliable in predicting stone recurrence. Metabolomics using high throughput technologies in well defined patient cohorts can identify metabolites that may provide insight into the pathogenesis of stones as well as offer possibilities in therapeutics.

Recent findings: Techniques including 1H-NMR, and liquid chromatography paired with tandem mass spectroscopy have identified multiple possible metabolites involved in stone formation. Compared to formers of calcium oxalate stones, healthy controls had higher levels of hippuric acid as well as metabolites involved in caffeine metabolism. Both the gut and urine microbiome may contribute to the altered metabolome of stone formers.

Summary: Although metabolomics has offered several potential metabolites that may be protective against or promote stone formation, the mechanisms behind these metabolomic profiles and their clinical significance requires further investigation.

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肾炎的代谢组学特征和发病机制。

审查目的：肾结石病是由尿液中某些代谢产物和矿物质过饱和引起的。为了预防结石复发，人们对结石患者的尿液成分进行了测量，特别是钙、尿酸、草酸盐、氨、柠檬酸盐。然而，事实证明这些矿物质和代谢物在预测结石复发方面并不可靠。在定义明确的患者群中使用高通量技术进行代谢组学研究，可以确定代谢物，从而深入了解结石的发病机制，并为治疗提供可能性：最近的研究结果：1H-NMR、液相色谱法和串联质谱等技术已经确定了多种可能参与结石形成的代谢物。与草酸钙结石形成者相比，健康对照组的海马酸以及参与咖啡因代谢的代谢物含量更高。小结：虽然代谢组学提供了几种可能防止或促进结石形成的潜在代谢物，但这些代谢组学特征背后的机制及其临床意义还需要进一步研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension 医学-泌尿学与肾脏学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

6.20%

发文量

132

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： A reader-friendly resource, Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension provides an up-to-date account of the most important advances in the field of nephrology and hypertension. Each issue contains either two or three sections delivering a diverse and comprehensive coverage of all the key issues, including pathophysiology of hypertension, circulation and hemodynamics, and clinical nephrology. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension is an indispensable journal for the busy clinician, researcher or student.