Squamous cell carcinoma.

Abstract

Simultaneously published in Cutis and The Journal of Family Practice. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) develops from a malignant tumor of the keratinocytes, eccrine glands, or pilosebaceous units that invades the dermis. Risk factors include lighter skin tone, higher cumulative sun exposure, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), lichen sclerosus, family history of skin cancer, and immunosuppression. It typically affects sun-exposed areas of the body such as the face, scalp, neck, and extensor surfaces of the arms (FIGURE A). However, in those with darker skin tones, the most common anatomic sites are those that are not exposed to the sun (FIGURE B). SCC is diagnosed via skin biopsy. Treatment options include surgical excision, destructive methods such as electrodesiccation and curettage, and Mohs micrographic surgery. Cutaneous SCC has a cure rate of more than 95% and a mortality rate of 1.5% to 2% in the United States.