Canine Idiopathic Arteriopathy, Appendicular Bone Infarcts, and Neoplastic Transformation of Bone Infarcts in 108 Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris).

IF 1.3 4区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Comparative medicine Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-16 DOI:10.30802/AALAS-CM-22-000037
Isabel A Jimenez, Roy R Pool, Kathleen L Gabrielson
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common primary bone tumor in both dogs and humans. The dog is an important research model for OSA, yet dogs have much higher prevalence of bone tumors than do humans, a disparity that has yet to be explained. Neoplastic transformation of cells within or adjacent to bone infarcts into primary bone tumors has been described in humans but only sparsely characterized in the veterinary literature. In this study, 653 cases of canine bone infarcts were received through a referral veterinary osteopathology service over a 14-y period. We identified an idiopathic disorder affecting the nutrient artery, termed canine idiopathic arteriopathy (CIA), which to our knowledge has no direct counterpart in human medicine. This disorder was documented alongside ischemic necrosis of the medullary cavity in 114 bone infarcts in 108 dogs. We hypothesize that CIA precipitated an ischemic environment, resulting in development of a bone infarct down- stream of the abnormal artery. In 52% (59 of 114) of cases, bone infarcts demonstrated evidence of repair (termed reparative bone infarcts [RBI]), while in 48% (55 of 114) of infarcts, a bone tumor was also present, including pleomorphic sarcoma, OSA, fibrosarcoma, and chondrosarcoma. In some cases, a spectrum of tumors was present. We hypothesize that the ischemic infarct environment provoked bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to attempt repair of the stroma, and in approximately half of cases, MSCs underwent neoplastic transformation (BINT) to produce tumors. The most common sites of bone infarcts were the distal femur, distal radius, proximal humerus, and distal tibia, coinciding with common sites of canine OSA. The authors propose that CIA leading to bone infarcts and infarct-derived tumors, in combination with possible underdiagnosis of canine bone infarcts and misdiagnosis of some RBI as neoplasia, may contribute to the higher reported proportion of bone tumors in dogs compared with humans.

108只犬的特发性动脉病变、阑尾骨梗死和骨梗死的肿瘤转化(犬狼疮)。
骨肉瘤(OSA)是犬和人最常见的原发性骨肿瘤。狗是OSA的重要研究模型,但狗的骨肿瘤患病率远高于人类,这一差异尚待解释。在人类中已经描述了骨梗死内或邻近骨梗死的细胞向原发性骨肿瘤的新塑性转化,但在兽医文献中只有很少的特征。在这项研究中,在14年的时间里,653例犬骨梗死通过转诊兽医骨病服务接受治疗。我们发现了一种影响营养动脉的特发性疾病,称为犬特发性动脉病(CIA),据我们所知,在人类医学中没有直接对应的疾病。在108只狗的114个骨梗死中,这种疾病与骨髓腔缺血性坏死一起被记录在案。我们假设CIA诱发了缺血环境,导致异常动脉下游的骨梗死。在52%(114例中的59例)的病例中,骨梗死显示出修复的证据(称为修复性骨梗死[RBI]),而在48%(114例)的梗死中,也存在骨肿瘤,包括多形性肉瘤、OSA、纤维肉瘤和软骨肉瘤。在某些情况下,会出现一系列肿瘤。我们假设缺血性梗死环境促使骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)尝试修复基质,在大约一半的病例中,MSCs经历肿瘤转化(BINT)产生肿瘤。最常见的骨梗死部位是股骨远端、桡骨远端、肱骨近端和胫骨远端,与犬OSA的常见部位一致。作者提出,CIA导致骨梗死和梗死源性肿瘤,再加上可能对犬骨梗死的诊断不足和某些RBI被误诊为肿瘤,可能导致狗骨肿瘤的报告比例高于人类。
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来源期刊
Comparative medicine
Comparative medicine 医学-动物学
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
71
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Comparative Medicine (CM), an international journal of comparative and experimental medicine, is the leading English-language publication in the field and is ranked by the Science Citation Index in the upper third of all scientific journals. The mission of CM is to disseminate high-quality, peer-reviewed information that expands biomedical knowledge and promotes human and animal health through the study of laboratory animal disease, animal models of disease, and basic biologic mechanisms related to disease in people and animals.
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