Parasite exchange and hybridisation at a wild-feral-domestic interface

IF 3.7 2区 医学 Q1 PARASITOLOGY
William J. Smith , Michał T. Jezierski , Jenny C. Dunn , Sonya M. Clegg
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Interactions between wild, feral, and domestic animals are of economic and conservation significance. The pigeon Columba livia is a synanthropic species in a feral form, but it also includes the rare Rock Dove. Columba livia is an important player at the wild-domestic interface, acting as a carrier of avian diseases, and the feral form threatens Rock Doves with extinction via hybridisation. Despite its abundance, little is known about drivers of disease prevalence in C. livia, or how disease and hybridisation represent synergistic threats to Rock Doves. We focused on infection by the parasite Trichomonas, first collating prevalence estimates in domestic and free-living populations from relevant studies of C. livia. Second, we characterised variation in the diversity and prevalence of Trichomonas among three C. livia populations in the United Kingdom: a feral, a Rock Dove, and a feral-wild hybrid population. Across multiple continents, free-living pigeons had lower Trichomonas infection than captive conspecifics, but the effect was weak. Environmental factors which could impact Trichomonas infection status did not explain variation in infection among populations. Among the British populations, strain diversity varied, and there was lower parasite prevalence in Rock Doves than feral pigeons. Individual infection status was not explained by the available covariates, including hybrid score and site. The drivers of Trichomonas prevalence are unclear, perhaps due to idiosyncratic local-scale drivers. However, given the population-level variation in both infection prevalence and introgressive hybridisation, the potential combined effects could accelerate the extinction of the Rock Dove. Further study of the synergistic effects of multiple types of biotic interactions at the wild-feral-domestic interface is warranted, especially where vagile, globally distributed and superabundant animals are involved.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

野生-野养-家养交界处的寄生虫交换和杂交
野生动物、野外动物和家养动物之间的互动具有重要的经济和保护意义。鸽子哥伦布-利维亚(Columba livia)是一种野化形式的同类物种,但它也包括稀有的岩鸽。哥伦布鸽是野生与家养交界处的一个重要角色,是禽类疾病的传播者,野鸽通过杂交威胁着岩鸽的灭绝。尽管岩鸽数量众多,但人们对其疾病流行的驱动因素知之甚少,也不知道疾病和杂交如何对岩鸽构成协同威胁。我们重点研究了毛滴虫寄生虫的感染情况,首先整理了对岩鸽进行的相关研究得出的岩鸽在家养和自由生活种群中的感染率估计值。其次,我们描述了英国三个岩鸽种群中毛滴虫多样性和流行率的变化特征:一个野鸽种群、一个岩鸽种群和一个野鸽-野生杂交种群。在多个大洲,自由生活的鸽子毛滴虫感染率低于圈养的同种鸽子,但影响较弱。可能影响毛滴虫感染状况的环境因素并不能解释不同种群之间的感染差异。在英国种群中,菌株多样性各不相同,岩鸽的寄生虫感染率低于野鸽。现有的协变量(包括杂交得分和地点)无法解释个体的感染状况。毛滴虫感染率的驱动因素尚不清楚,这可能是由于地方尺度的特异性驱动因素造成的。然而,鉴于感染率和引种杂交在种群水平上的差异,潜在的综合效应可能会加速岩鸽的灭绝。有必要进一步研究野生-野外-家养交界处多种类型生物相互作用的协同效应,尤其是在涉及到流浪动物、全球分布动物和超富集动物的情况下。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
2.50%
发文量
76
审稿时长
23 days
期刊介绍: International Journal for Parasitology offers authors the option to sponsor nonsubscriber access to their articles on Elsevier electronic publishing platforms. For more information please view our Sponsored Articles page. The International Journal for Parasitology publishes the results of original research in all aspects of basic and applied parasitology, including all the fields covered by its Specialist Editors, and ranging from parasites and host-parasite relationships of intrinsic biological interest to those of social and economic importance in human and veterinary medicine and agriculture.
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