Stigma and discrimination among persons with mental illness in a tertiary care medical institution in Southern India.

Q3 Medicine
Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki Pub Date : 2023-12-29 Epub Date: 2023-05-12 DOI:10.22365/jpsych.2023.013
Shashwath Sathyanath M, Sachin Beesanahalli Shanmukhappa, Anil Kakunje, Santanu Nath, Mohanchandran Varikara Veetil
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The proportional contribution of mental disorders to the total disease burden in India has almost doubled since 1990. Stigma and discrimination are major barriers to seeking treatment for persons with mental illness (PMI). Stigma reduction strategies are thus crucial, and for this, there needs to be an understanding of the various factors associated with them. The current study intended to assess stigma and discrimination in PMI visiting the department of psychiatry in a teaching hospital in Southern India and their association with various clinical and sociodemographic factors in them. The index study was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving consenting adults who presented to the department of psychiatry with mental disorders from August 2013 to January 2014. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using a semi-structured proforma, and the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC-12) was used to assess discrimination and stigma. Most of PMI suffered from bipolar disorder, followed by depression, schizophrenia, and other disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, somatoform disorder, and substance use disorder. Discrimination was experienced by 56% of them and 46% had stigmatizing experiences. Both discrimination and stigma were found to be significantly associated with their age, gender, education, occupation, place of residence, and illness duration. While PMI suffering from depression experienced the highest discrimination, those with schizophrenia faced the stronger stigma. Binary logistic regression revealed depression, family history of psychiatric illness, age of less than 45 years, and rural locality of residence to be the significant determinants of discrimination and stigma. The study thus found that stigma and discrimination were associated with multiple social, demographic, and clinical factors in PMI. A rights-based approach to PMI is the need of the hour to tackle stigma and discrimination, which is already included in recent Indian acts and statutes. Implementation of these approaches is the need of the hour.

印度南部一家三级医疗机构中精神病患者的耻辱感和歧视。
自 1990 年以来,精神障碍在印度疾病总负担中所占比例几乎翻了一番。污名化和歧视是精神病患者寻求治疗的主要障碍。因此,减少污名化的策略至关重要,为此需要了解与之相关的各种因素。本研究旨在评估在印度南部一家教学医院精神病科就诊的精神病患者所遭受的羞辱和歧视,以及这些羞辱和歧视与他们的各种临床和社会人口因素之间的关联。指标研究是一项描述性横断面研究,涉及 2013 年 8 月至 2014 年 1 月期间因精神障碍到精神科就诊的成年人。研究采用半结构化问卷收集社会人口学和临床数据,并使用歧视和成见量表(DISC-12)评估歧视和成见。大多数躁郁症患者患有躁郁症,其次是抑郁症、精神分裂症和其他疾病,如强迫症、躯体形式障碍和药物使用障碍。其中 56% 的人遭受过歧视,46% 的人遭受过侮辱。研究发现,歧视和鄙视都与患者的年龄、性别、教育程度、职业、居住地和患病时间长短密切相关。患有抑郁症的 PMI 遭受的歧视最多,而患有精神分裂症的 PMI 遭受的耻辱感更强。二元逻辑回归显示,抑郁症、精神病家族史、年龄小于 45 岁和居住地为农村是歧视和成见的重要决定因素。因此,研究发现,在 PMI 中,成见和歧视与多种社会、人口和临床因素相关。对 PMI 采取基于权利的方法是解决污名化和歧视问题的当务之急,这已被纳入印度近期的法案和法规中。实施这些方法是当务之急。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki
Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki Medicine-Medicine (all)
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
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