Cell-To-Cell Communication in the Resistance Vasculature.

IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 PHYSIOLOGY
D Ryan King, Meghan W Sedovy, Xinyan Eaton, Luke S Dunaway, Miranda E Good, Brant E Isakson, Scott R Johnstone
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The arterial vasculature can be divided into large conduit arteries, intermediate contractile arteries, resistance arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. Resistance arteries and arterioles primarily function to control systemic blood pressure. The resistance arteries are composed of a layer of endothelial cells oriented parallel to the direction of blood flow, which are separated by a matrix layer termed the internal elastic lamina from several layers of smooth muscle cells oriented perpendicular to the direction of blood flow. Cells within the vessel walls communicate in a homocellular and heterocellular fashion to govern luminal diameter, arterial resistance, and blood pressure. At rest, potassium currents govern the basal state of endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Multiple stimuli can elicit rises in intracellular calcium levels in either endothelial cells or smooth muscle cells, sourced from intracellular stores such as the endoplasmic reticulum or the extracellular space. In general, activation of endothelial cells results in the production of a vasodilatory signal, usually in the form of nitric oxide or endothelial-derived hyperpolarization. Conversely, activation of smooth muscle cells results in a vasoconstriction response through smooth muscle cell contraction. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12: 1-35, 2022.

抵抗血管系统中的细胞间通讯。
动脉血管系统可分为大导管动脉、中间收缩动脉、阻力动脉、小动脉和毛细血管。抵抗动脉和小动脉的主要功能是控制全身血压。阻力动脉由一层平行于血流方向的内皮细胞组成,由一层称为内部弹性层的基质层与垂直于血流方向的平滑肌细胞层隔开。血管壁内的细胞以同细胞和异细胞的方式进行交流,控制管腔直径、动脉阻力和血压。在休息时,钾电流控制内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞的基础状态。多种刺激可引起内皮细胞或平滑肌细胞内钙水平升高,钙来源于内质网或细胞外空间等细胞内储存。一般来说,内皮细胞的激活导致血管舒张信号的产生,通常以一氧化氮或内皮源性超极化的形式出现。相反,平滑肌细胞的激活通过平滑肌细胞收缩导致血管收缩反应。©2022美国生理学会。中国生物医学工程学报(英文版),2016。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
38
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Comprehensive Physiology is the most authoritative and comprehensive collection of physiology information ever assembled, and uses the most powerful features of review journals and electronic reference works to cover the latest key developments in the field, through the most authoritative articles on the subjects covered. This makes Comprehensive Physiology a valued reference work on the evolving science of physiology for both researchers and clinicians. It also provides a useful teaching tool for instructors and an informative resource for medical students and other students in the life and health sciences.
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