{"title":"The effect of self-affirmation on anxiety and perceived discomfort in patients who have undergone open-heart surgery. A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Meltem Yildirim , Sevim Akbal , Meryem Turkoglu","doi":"10.1016/j.apnr.2023.151687","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Self-affirmations help one focus on positive outcomes and adapt to new situations both psychologically and physiologically by the repetition of positive affirmation sentences. This method, which has promising results in symptom management, is predicted to have effective results in the management of pain and discomfort in patients undergoing open-heart surgery.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To investigate the effect of self-affirmation on anxiety and perceived discomfort in patients who have undergone open-heart surgery.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study adopted a randomized controlled pretest-posttest follow-up research design. The study was conducted at a public training and research hospital (Istanbul, Turkey) specialized in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. The sample consisted of 61 patients randomized into two groups: intervention (<em>n</em> = 34) and control (<em>n</em> = 27). The participants of the intervention group listened to a self-affirmation audio recording for three days after surgery. Anxiety levels and perceived discomfort regarding pain, dyspnoea, palpitations, fatigue and nausea were measured daily. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to measure the level of anxiety, meanwhile perceived discomfort regarding pain, dyspnoea, palpitations, fatigue and nausea were measured by a 0 to 10 Numeric Rating Scale (NRS).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The control group had significantly higher anxiety than the intervention group three days after surgery (<em>P</em> < 0.001). The intervention group had less pain (<em>P</em> < 0.01), dyspnoea (<em>P</em> < 0.01), palpitations (<em>P</em> < 0.01), fatigue (<em>P</em> < 0.001) and nausea (<em>P</em> < 0.01) than the control group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Positive self-affirmation helped reduce anxiety and perceived discomfort in patients who underwent open-heart surgery.</p><p>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: <span>NCT05487430</span><svg><path></path></svg>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50740,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nursing Research","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 151687"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Applied Nursing Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0897189723000216","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NURSING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Background
Self-affirmations help one focus on positive outcomes and adapt to new situations both psychologically and physiologically by the repetition of positive affirmation sentences. This method, which has promising results in symptom management, is predicted to have effective results in the management of pain and discomfort in patients undergoing open-heart surgery.
Aim
To investigate the effect of self-affirmation on anxiety and perceived discomfort in patients who have undergone open-heart surgery.
Methods
This study adopted a randomized controlled pretest-posttest follow-up research design. The study was conducted at a public training and research hospital (Istanbul, Turkey) specialized in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. The sample consisted of 61 patients randomized into two groups: intervention (n = 34) and control (n = 27). The participants of the intervention group listened to a self-affirmation audio recording for three days after surgery. Anxiety levels and perceived discomfort regarding pain, dyspnoea, palpitations, fatigue and nausea were measured daily. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to measure the level of anxiety, meanwhile perceived discomfort regarding pain, dyspnoea, palpitations, fatigue and nausea were measured by a 0 to 10 Numeric Rating Scale (NRS).
Results
The control group had significantly higher anxiety than the intervention group three days after surgery (P < 0.001). The intervention group had less pain (P < 0.01), dyspnoea (P < 0.01), palpitations (P < 0.01), fatigue (P < 0.001) and nausea (P < 0.01) than the control group.
Conclusions
Positive self-affirmation helped reduce anxiety and perceived discomfort in patients who underwent open-heart surgery.
期刊介绍：
Applied Nursing Research presents original, peer-reviewed research findings clearly and directly for clinical applications in all nursing specialties. Regular features include "Ask the Experts," research briefs, clinical methods, book reviews, news and announcements, and an editorial section. Applied Nursing Research covers such areas as pain management, patient education, discharge planning, nursing diagnosis, job stress in nursing, nursing influence on length of hospital stay, and nurse/physician collaboration.
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