Association of Smartphone-Based Activity Tracking and Nocturnal Hypoglycemia in People With Type 1 Diabetes.

IF 4.1 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-12 DOI:10.1177/19322968231186401

Daphne Gardner, Hong Chang Tan, Gek Hsiang Lim, May Zin Oo, Xiaohui Xin, Andrew Kingsworth, Pratik Choudhary, Suresh Rama Chandran

{"title":"Association of Smartphone-Based Activity Tracking and Nocturnal Hypoglycemia in People With Type 1 Diabetes.","authors":"Daphne Gardner, Hong Chang Tan, Gek Hsiang Lim, May Zin Oo, Xiaohui Xin, Andrew Kingsworth, Pratik Choudhary, Suresh Rama Chandran","doi":"10.1177/19322968231186401","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nocturnal hypoglycemia (NH) remains a major burden for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Daytime physical activity (PA) increases the risk of NH. This pilot study tested whether cumulative daytime PA measured using a smartphone-based step tracker was associated with NH.Methods: Adults with T1D for ≥ 5 years (y) on multiple daily insulin or continuous insulin infusion, not using continuous glucose monitoring and HbA1c 6 to 10% wore blinded Freestyle Libre Pro sensors and recorded total daily carbohydrate (TDC) and total daily dose (TDD) of insulin. During this time, daily step count (DSC) was tracked using the smartphone-based Fitbit MobileTrack application. Mixed effects logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of DSC on NH (sensor glucose <70, <54 mg/dl for ≥15 minutes), while adjusting for TDC and TDD of insulin, and treating participants as a random effect.Results: Twenty-six adults, with 65.4% females, median age 27 years (interquartile range: 26-32) mean body mass index 23.9 kg/m2, median HbA1c 7.6% (7.1-8.1) and mean Gold Score 2.1 (standard deviation 1.0) formed the study population. The median DSC for the whole group was 2867 (1820-4807). There was a significant effect of DSC on NH episodes <70 mg/dl. (odds ratio 1.11 [95% CI: 1.01-1.23, P = .04]. There was no significant effect on NH <54 mg/dl.Conclusion: Daily PA measured by a smartphone-based step tracker was associated with the risk of NH in people with type 1 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":15475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"377-384"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873899/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968231186401","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/7/12 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Nocturnal hypoglycemia (NH) remains a major burden for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Daytime physical activity (PA) increases the risk of NH. This pilot study tested whether cumulative daytime PA measured using a smartphone-based step tracker was associated with NH.

Methods: Adults with T1D for ≥ 5 years (y) on multiple daily insulin or continuous insulin infusion, not using continuous glucose monitoring and HbA1c 6 to 10% wore blinded Freestyle Libre Pro sensors and recorded total daily carbohydrate (TDC) and total daily dose (TDD) of insulin. During this time, daily step count (DSC) was tracked using the smartphone-based Fitbit MobileTrack application. Mixed effects logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of DSC on NH (sensor glucose <70, <54 mg/dl for ≥15 minutes), while adjusting for TDC and TDD of insulin, and treating participants as a random effect.

Results: Twenty-six adults, with 65.4% females, median age 27 years (interquartile range: 26-32) mean body mass index 23.9 kg/m², median HbA1c 7.6% (7.1-8.1) and mean Gold Score 2.1 (standard deviation 1.0) formed the study population. The median DSC for the whole group was 2867 (1820-4807). There was a significant effect of DSC on NH episodes <70 mg/dl. (odds ratio 1.11 [95% CI: 1.01-1.23, P = .04]. There was no significant effect on NH <54 mg/dl.

Conclusion: Daily PA measured by a smartphone-based step tracker was associated with the risk of NH in people with type 1 diabetes.

查看原文本刊更多论文

基于智能手机的活动追踪与 1 型糖尿病患者夜间低血糖症的关系。

背景：夜间低血糖（NH）仍然是 1 型糖尿病（T1D）患者的主要负担。白天的体力活动（PA）会增加夜间低血糖的风险。这项试验性研究测试了使用智能手机步数跟踪器测量的日间累积体力活动是否与夜间低血糖有关：方法：患有 T1D ≥ 5 年（y）的成人，每天多次使用胰岛素或连续输注胰岛素，未使用连续血糖监测，HbA1c 为 6 至 10%，佩戴盲法 Freestyle Libre Pro 传感器，记录每日碳水化合物总量 (TDC) 和每日胰岛素总剂量 (TDD)。在此期间，使用基于智能手机的 Fitbit MobileTrack 应用程序跟踪每日步数 (DSC)。混合效应逻辑回归用于估计 DSC 对 NH（传感器血糖结果）的影响：研究对象为 26 名成年人，其中 65.4% 为女性，中位年龄为 27 岁（四分位间范围：26-32），平均体重指数为 23.9 kg/m2，中位 HbA1c 为 7.6% (7.1-8.1)，平均 Gold Score 为 2.1（标准差为 1.0）。全组的 DSC 中位数为 2867（1820-4807）。DSC 对 NH 有明显影响，P = 0.04]。对 NH 结论没有明显影响：通过智能手机步数追踪器测量的每日活动量与 1 型糖尿病患者的 NH 风险有关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology Medicine-Internal Medicine

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

12.00%

发文量

148

期刊介绍： The Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology (JDST) is a bi-monthly, peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Diabetes Technology Society. JDST covers scientific and clinical aspects of diabetes technology including glucose monitoring, insulin and metabolic peptide delivery, the artificial pancreas, digital health, precision medicine, social media, cybersecurity, software for modeling, physiologic monitoring, technology for managing obesity, and diagnostic tests of glycation. The journal also covers the development and use of mobile applications and wireless communication, as well as bioengineered tools such as MEMS, new biomaterials, and nanotechnology to develop new sensors. Articles in JDST cover both basic research and clinical applications of technologies being developed to help people with diabetes.